How to format your references using the Kidney Disease and Transplantation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Kidney Disease and Transplantation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Crutcher RM. Astronomy. Testing star formation theory. Science. 2006;313:771–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Bernards R, Weinberg RA. A progression puzzle. Nature. 2002;418:823.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Bakshy E, Messing S, Adamic LA. Political science. Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook. Science. 2015;348:1130–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Mazzali PA, Röpke FK, Benetti S, Hillebrandt W. A common explosion mechanism for type Ia supernovae. Science. 2007;315:825–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Firth-Cozens J, Harrison J. How to Survive in Medicine. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.

An edited book

1. Alfaro EJ, Pérez E, Franco J, editors. How does the Galaxy Work?: A Galactic Tertulia with Don Cox and Ron Reynolds. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Benedini S. Nutrients and Whole-Body Energy Metabolism: The Impact of Physical Exercise. In: Luzi L, editor. Cellular Physiology and Metabolism of Physical Exercise. Milano: Springer; 2012. p. 33–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Kidney Disease and Transplantation.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Male Bearded Dragons Turn Female In The Heat [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/male-bearded-dragons-turn-female-in-the-heat/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Contracts Under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Jul. Report No.: OGC-96-23.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Wahid R. Quality of life of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hodara S. Encountering Art at Every Bend. New York Times. 2015 Nov 29;CT9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Kidney Disease and Transplantation
ISSN (online)	2058-511X
Scope

Research and Writing Guides