How to format your references using the Kidney Disease and Transplantation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Kidney Disease and Transplantation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Spoor F. Palaeoanthropology: The middle Pliocene gets crowded. Nature. 2015;521:432–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Bedalov A, Simon JA. Neuroscience. NAD to the rescue. Science. 2004;305:954–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Fournier AE, GrandPre T, Strittmatter SM. Identification of a receptor mediating Nogo-66 inhibition of axonal regeneration. Nature. 2001;409:341–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sirenko AA, Bernhard C, Golnik A, Clark AM, Hao J, Si W, et al. Soft-mode hardening in SrTiO3 thin films. Nature. 2000;404:373–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Girmscheid G. Bauprozesse und Bauverfahren des Tunnelbaus. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

1. Stolzenburg J-U, Türk IA, Liatsikos EN, editors. Laparoscopic and Robot-Assisted Surgery in Urology: Atlas of Standard Procedures. 1st ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Canetti R, Fuller B, Paneth O, Reyzin L, Smith A. Reusable Fuzzy Extractors for Low-Entropy Distributions. In: Fischlin M, Coron J-S, editors. Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2016: 35th Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques, Vienna, Austria, May 8-12, 2016, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016. p. 117–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Kidney Disease and Transplantation.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. “Ring Of Fire” Eclipse Sweeps Across South America And Africa [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/ring-of-fire-eclipse-sweeps-across-south-america-and-africa/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Tax Systems Modernization: Results of Review of IRS’ Initial Expenditure Plan. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Jun. Report No.: AIMD/GGD-99-206.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tosti CL. Quantification of dispersed and aggregated iron in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Williams J. Looking at, and Beyond, a Lifetime of Anxiety. New York Times. 2017 May 21;C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Kidney Disease and Transplantation
ISSN (online)	2058-511X
Scope