How to format your references using the JPhys Photonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JPhys Photonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fedoroff N V 2003 Agriculture. Prehistoric GM corn Science 302 1158–9

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Tomasetti C and Vogelstein B 2015 Cancer etiology. Variation in cancer risk among tissues can be explained by the number of stem cell divisions Science 347 78–81

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Solov’yov I A, Domratcheva T and Schulten K 2014 Separation of photo-induced radical pair in cryptochrome to a functionally critical distance Sci. Rep. 4 3845

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Bryant Z, Stone M D, Gore J, Smith S B, Cozzarelli N R and Bustamante C 2003 Structural transitions and elasticity from torque measurements on DNA Nature 424 338–41

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Reiman J 2012 As Free and as Just as Possible (Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell)

An edited book

[1]

Li K, Jesshope C, Jin H and Gaudiot J-L 2007 Network and Parallel Computing: IFIP International Conference, NPC 2007, Dalian, China, September 18-21, 2007. Proceedings vol 4672 (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Coutu D L, François M and Galipeau J 2012 Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tissue Repair Regenerative Therapy Using Blood-Derived Stem Cells ed D S Allan and D Strunk (Totowa, NJ: Humana Press) pp 35–51

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JPhys Photonics.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R 2016 Hidden World Discovered Buried Beneath Antarctica IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 2009 Public Transportation: Better Data Needed to Assess Length of New Starts Process, and Options Exist to Expedite Project Development (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Patel D S 2017 GoSchoolPro: A Web Portal for the Students Using MVC Architecture and ASP.NET Framework Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Qiu L 2017 Do More Guns Really Mean Fewer Gun Murders? Not Exactly New York Times A15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	JPhys Photonics
ISSN (online)	2515-7647
Scope