How to format your references using the Journal of World Systems Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of World Systems Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sweatt, J. David. 2011. “Neuroscience. Creating Stable Memories.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 331(6019):869–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

Roesch, Matthew R., and Carl R. Olson. 2004. “Neuronal Activity Related to Reward Value and Motivation in Primate Frontal Cortex.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 304(5668):307–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rojas, Jhonathan P., Galo A. Torres Sevilla, and Muhammad M. Hussain. 2013. “Can We Build a Truly High Performance Computer Which Is Flexible and Transparent?” Scientific Reports 3:2609.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Freire, Joana G., Cecilia Cabeza, Arturo Marti, Thorsten Pöschel, and Jason A. C. Gallas. 2013. “Antiperiodic Oscillations.” Scientific Reports 3:1958.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hartley, John. 2011. Digital Futures for Cultural and Media Studies. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Ding, Ying, Ronald Rousseau, and Dietmar Wolfram, eds. 2014. Measuring Scholarly Impact: Methods and Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Khairallah, Moncef, and Rim Kahloun. 2014. “Infections of the Eyelids.” Pp. 51–61 in Ocular Infections, Essentials in Ophthalmology, edited by K. F. Tabbara, A. M. A. El-Asrar, and M. Khairallah. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of World Systems Research.

Blog post

Davis, Josh. 2015. “The Two-Spot Octopus Can See Without Eyes.” IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1992. Army Accounting Adjustments--Tank-Automotive Command. AFMD-92-102ML. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wuebbels, Paula J. 2014. “Effectiveness of Reading and Writing Across the Curriculum on Middle School Reading Comprehension and Preparation for Common Core State Standards.” Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bruno, John. 2017. “Watching Coral Reefs Die.” New York Times, July 6, SR8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sweatt 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Roesch and Olson 2004; Sweatt 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Roesch and Olson 2004)
Three authors: (Rojas, Torres Sevilla, and Hussain 2013)
4 or more authors: (Freire et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of World Systems Research
ISSN (print)	1076-156X
Scope