How to format your references using the International Journal of Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schaetz, T. (2015). Quantum physics: Entanglement beyond identical ions. Nature, 528(7582), 337–338.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hitti, F. L., & Siegelbaum, S. A. (2014). The hippocampal CA2 region is essential for social memory. Nature, 508(7494), 88–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sparks, R. S. J., Biggs, J., & Neuberg, J. W. (2012). Geophysics. Monitoring volcanoes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6074), 1310–1311.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Mosher, R. A., Melnyk, C. W., Kelly, K. A., Dunn, R. M., Studholme, D. J., & Baulcombe, D. C. (2009). Uniparental expression of PolIV-dependent siRNAs in developing endosperm of Arabidopsis. Nature, 460(7252), 283–286.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kent, J. (2017). ADA in Details. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Noubir, G., & Raynal, M. (Eds.). (2014). Networked Systems: Second International Conference, NETYS 2014, Marrakech, Morocco, May 15-17, 2014. Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 8593). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Sebestik, J. (2011). Otto Neurath’s Epistemology and Its Paradoxes. In J. Symons, O. Pombo, & J. M. Torres (Eds.), Otto Neurath and the Unity of Science (pp. 41–57). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Design.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, February 14). Ancient Fossil Shows First Evidence Of Live Births In Animals Thought To Only Lay Eggs. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-fossil-shows-first-evidence-of-live-births-in-animals-thought-to-only-lay-eggs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2010). For-Profit Schools: Large Schools and Schools that Specialize in Healthcare Are More Likely to Rely Heavily on Federal Student Aid (GAO-11-4). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thiagarajan, T. T. (2017). A Simple and Effective Peak-To-Average Power Ratio Reduction Approach Based on Iterative Companding Transform and Filtering Framework of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Signal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2010, October 26). Anything Can Happen In a San Francisco Series. New York Times, B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schaetz, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Hitti & Siegelbaum, 2014; Schaetz, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hitti & Siegelbaum, 2014)
Three authors: (Sparks et al., 2012)
6 or more authors: (Mosher et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Design
ISSN (print)	1991-3761
ISSN (online)	1994-036X
Scope

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