How to format your references using the Journal of Web Semantics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Web Semantics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Tolstoy, Geophysics. What lies beneath, Science 328 (2010) 54–55.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Malik, R.G. Roeder, Biochemistry. Have your PIC!, Science 342 (2013) 706–707.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

L.J. Core, J.J. Waterfall, J.T. Lis, Nascent RNA sequencing reveals widespread pausing and divergent initiation at human promoters, Science 322 (2008) 1845–1848.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S.P. Fletcher, F. Dumur, M.M. Pollard, B.L. Feringa, A reversible, unidirectional molecular rotary motor driven by chemical energy, Science 310 (2005) 80–82.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P.M. Mather, M. Koch, Computer Processing of Remotely-Sensed Images, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

J.A. Garay, R.D. Prisco, eds., Security and Cryptography for Networks: 7th International Conference, SCN 2010, Amalfi, Italy, September 13-15, 2010. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T. McGettigan, E. Smith, The Farce of Race, in: E. Smith (Ed.), A Formula for Eradicating Racism: Debunking White Supremacy, Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, 2016: pp. 19–34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Web Semantics.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, BREAKING: NASA-Contracted Rocket Explodes Shortly After Take-Off, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/space/breaking-nasa-rocket-explodes-shortly-after-take/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aviation Security: Federal Air Marshal Service Has Taken Actions to Fulfill Its Core Mission and Address Workforce Issues, but Additional Actions Are Needed to Improve Workforce Survey, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. An, Improved Flotation of Bastnaesite and Chalcopyrite, Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Billard, The View From the Back Row, New York Times (2016) D7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Web Semantics
Abbreviation	Web Semant.
ISSN (print)	1570-8268
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Human-Computer Interaction Software