How to format your references using the Journal of Web Semantics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Web Semantics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Gershon, Cell signalling: making connections, Nature 432 (2004) 243–249.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Loreau, A. Hector, Partitioning selection and complementarity in biodiversity experiments, Nature 412 (2001) 72–76.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

D.J. Goldfarb, B.J. Glasser, T. Shinbrot, Shear instabilities in granular flows, Nature 415 (2002) 302–305.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

K. Gandha, K. Elkins, N. Poudyal, X. Liu, J.P. Liu, High energy product developed from cobalt nanowires, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 5345.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P. Baldi, P. Frasconi, P. Smyth, Modeling the Internet and the Web: Probabilistic Methods and Algorithms, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2002.

An edited book

[1]

D.J.K. Balfour, M.R. Munafò, eds., The Neurobiology and Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. Hawkes, J. Kennell, P. Booth, E. Abson, The Impact of Motivation Factors on Spending at a Public Sector Festivals Programme, in: Á. Matias, P. Nijkamp, J. Romão (Eds.), Impact Assessment in Tourism Economics, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 67–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Web Semantics.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Can You Learn to Taste and Smell the Letter B?, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/brain/can-you-learn-taste-and-smell-letter-b/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Transportation Security Research: Coordination Needed in Selecting and Implementing Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Obiedat, Incrementally Sorted Lattice Data Structures, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

D.J. Melnick, M.C. Pearl, J. Warfield, Make Forests Pay, New York Times (2015) A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Web Semantics
Abbreviation	Web Semant.
ISSN (print)	1570-8268
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Human-Computer Interaction Software