How to format your references using the Journal of Visceral Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visceral Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Medzhitov R. Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response. Nature 2007;449:819–26.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ding H-M, Ma Y-Q. Controlling cellular uptake of nanoparticles with pH-sensitive polymers. Sci Rep 2013;3:2804.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Altizer S, Bartel R, Han BA. Animal migration and infectious disease risk. Science 2011;331:296–302.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bai L-P, Hagihara M, Nakatani K, Jiang Z-H. Recognition of chelerythrine to human telomeric DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes. Sci Rep 2014;4:6767.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ruckmongathan TN. Addressing Techniques of Liquid Crystal Displays. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Demchenko AP, editor. Advanced Fluorescence Reporters in Chemistry and Biology III: Applications in Sensing and Imaging. vol. 113. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Aruga T, Yabuki N. Cooperative Information Management of Degradation of Structures in Operation and Management. In: Luo Y, editor. Cooperative Design, Visualization, and Engineering: 9th International Conference, CDVE 2012, Osaka, Japan, September 2-5, 2012. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012, p. 33–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visceral Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. New Nanomaterials Will Boost Renewable Energy. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/new-nanomaterials-will-boost-renewable-energy/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Commercial Aviation: Potential Safety and Capacity Issues Associated with the Introduction of the New A380 Aircraft. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Ayres R. Optimization of a Novel Oxy-Michael Ugi-Smiles Reaction. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Yoo J. Forget Watergate. Think Iran-Contra. New York Times 2017:A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Visceral Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Visc. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1878-7886
Scope	General Medicine

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