How to format your references using the Journal of Visceral Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visceral Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

McLeish T. Chemistry. Polymers without beginning or end. Science 2002;297:2005–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Wang H-L, Lai TW. Optimization of Evans blue quantitation in limited rat tissue samples. Sci Rep 2014;4:6588.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Fendorf S, Michael HA, van Geen A. Spatial and temporal variations of groundwater arsenic in South and Southeast Asia. Science 2010;328:1123–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

del Pozo MA, Alderson NB, Kiosses WB, Chiang H-H, Anderson RGW, Schwartz MA. Integrins regulate Rac targeting by internalization of membrane domains. Science 2004;303:839–42.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Morsali A, Hashemi L. Main Group Metal Coordination Polymers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Shiffman MA, Di Giuseppe A, editors. Liposuction: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Deutsch M. A Framework for Thinking About Oppression and Conflict. In: Deutsch M, editor. Morton Deutsch: A Pioneer in Developing Peace Psychology, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 71–104.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visceral Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. Scientists Have Finally Solved 50-Year-Old Mystery Of Bizarre Signals. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/scientists-finally-solve-50-year-old-mystery-atmospheric-echoes/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. The Fight Against Infant Mortality. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Morr R. Age Discrimination: Prejudice Suppression in the Selection Process. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hubbard B. 21 Killed in Series of Car Bomb Blasts in Syria’s Capital. New York Times 2017:A5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Visceral Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Visc. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1878-7886
Scope	General Medicine