How to format your references using the Journal of Visceral Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visceral Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chapman T. Seeing is believing. Nature 2003;425:867–73.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Simmons LW, Roberts B. Bacterial immunity traded for sperm viability in male crickets. Science 2005;309:2031.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Wisniewski W, Patschger M, Rüssel C. Viscous fingering and dendritic growth of surface crystallized Sr2TiSi2O8 fresnoite. Sci Rep 2013;3:3558.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Breitkreutz A, Choi H, Sharom JR, Boucher L, Neduva V, Larsen B, et al. A global protein kinase and phosphatase interaction network in yeast. Science 2010;328:1043–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Woolf V. The Years. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Hotokka M, Brändas EJ, Maruani J, Delgado-Barrio G, editors. Advances in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology. vol. 27. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Cremaschi M, Zerboni A. Human Communities in a Drying Landscape: Holocene Climate Change and Cultural Response in the Central Sahara. In: Martini IP, Chesworth W, editors. Landscapes and Societies: Selected Cases, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011, p. 67–89.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visceral Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Personal Helicopters Instead Of Cars Could Become A Reality. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/personal-helicopters-instead-cars-could-become-reality/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: Challenges to Implementing the Advanced Technology Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Waldron KD. The Influence of Leadership Emotional Intelligence on Employee Engagement. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gustines GG. She’s Mighty, Muslim and Leaping Off the Page. New York Times 2013:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Visceral Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Visc. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1878-7886
Scope	General Medicine