How to format your references using the Journal of Visceral Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visceral Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Reichhardt T. Touched by an angel. Nature 2005;435:734–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Scolnick DM, Halazonetis TD. Chfr defines a mitotic stress checkpoint that delays entry into metaphase. Nature 2000;406:430–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kempner J, Perlis CS, Merz JF. Ethics. Forbidden knowledge. Science 2005;307:854.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Nazirzadeh MA, Atar FB, Turgut BB, Okyay AK. Random sized plasmonic nanoantennas on Silicon for low-cost broad-band near-infrared photodetection. Sci Rep 2014;4:7103.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

van Bosse JG. Signaling in Telecommunication Networks. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2002.

An edited book

[1]

Weissenberger S. Adaptation to Climate Change and Sea Level Rise: The Case Study of Coastal Communities in New Brunswick, Canada. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Kundu D, Nandi S. Asymptotic Properties. In: Nandi S, editor. Statistical Signal Processing: Frequency Estimation, New Delhi: Springer India; 2012, p. 45–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visceral Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. Earth Is Now Warmer Than It’s Been In 120,000 Years. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earth-is-now-warmer-than-its-been-in-120000-years/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Safe and Drug-Free Schools: Balancing Accountability With State and Local Flexibility. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Swan C. Arts participation and career preparedness: A pragmatic approach to assessing arts benefits. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Curran M. New Yorkers for White Sauce. New York Times 2015:A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Visceral Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Visc. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1878-7886
Scope	General Medicine