How to format your references using the Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (JVDI). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Greene M. Policy. A force for peace in the Middle East. Science 2008;322:1192.

A journal article with 2 authors

Colavita A, Tessier-Lavigne M. A Neurexin-related protein, BAM-2, terminates axonal branches in C. elegans. Science 2003;302:293–296.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tischer T, et al. The APC/C inhibitor XErp1/Emi2 is essential for Xenopus early embryonic divisions. Science 2012;338:520–524.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Hofstetter L, et al. Cooper pair splitter realized in a two-quantum-dot Y-junction. Nature 2009;461:960–963.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adamowicz Z, Zbierski P. Logic of Mathematics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997.

An edited book

Buntine W, et al., eds. Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2009, Bled, Slovenia, September 7-11, 2009, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009: 1-XXIX, 756 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Andria G, Scala I. Genetic Risk Factors for Neural Tube Defects: Folic Acid Supplementation and Prevention of Birth Defects. In: Esposito C, et al., eds. Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction: Diagnosis, Treatment, Long-Term Follow-up. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2006:41–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.

Blog post

Andrews R. Earth Is Now Warmer Than It’s Been In 120,000 Years [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016.[cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earth-is-now-warmer-than-its-been-in-120000-years/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Electronic Government: Proposal Addresses Critical Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Heffner MD. Informing Decision-Making for Derailments Involving Hazmat: An Analysis of Phmsa Train Accident Data. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J. Political Journalist Halperin Posts Apology to Women He ‘Mistreated.’ New York Times. 2017;:B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^3,4.
This sentence cites four references ^3,4,7,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
Abbreviation	J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
ISSN (print)	1040-6387
ISSN (online)	1943-4936
Scope	General Veterinary