How to format your references using the Journal of Ultrasound citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Ultrasound. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smaglik P. Rental disagreements. Nature 2003;425:103.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Snook RR, Hosken DJ. Sperm death and dumping in Drosophila. Nature 2004;428:939–41.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Krüger M, Schenk M, Hommelhoff P. Attosecond control of electrons emitted from a nanoscale metal tip. Nature 2011;475:78–81.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Wang J-J, Lv A-F, Wang Y-Q, Cui B, Yan H-J, Hu J-S, et al. Integrated prototype nanodevices via SnO₂ nanoparticles decorated SnSe nanosheets. Sci Rep 2013;3:2613.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Belmont DP. Managing Hedge Fund Risk and Financing. 1 Fusionopolis Walk, #07-01, Solaris South Tower, Singapore 138628: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Kühn O, Wöste L, editors. Analysis and Control of Ultrafast Photoinduced Reactions. vol. 87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gohlke M, Beaudoin JF, Amielh M, Anselmet F. Effect of Unsteady Separation on an Automotive Bluff-Body in Cross-Wind. In: Braza M, Hourigan K, editors. IUTAM Symposium on Unsteady Separated Flows and their Control: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium “Unsteady Separated Flows and their Control“, Corfu, Greece, 18–22 June 2007, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009, p. 35–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Ultrasound.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Animals Inherit Their Mother’s Social Network. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/animals-inherit/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education: Governmentwide Strategy Needed to Better Manage Overlapping Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Boysen J. The ESCRT machinery, required for endosomal trafficking, is a pH-signaling platform. Doctoral dissertation. Columbia University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. She’s Doomed, but No One Is Blameless. New York Times 2017:C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Ultrasound
ISSN (print)	1971-3495
Scope

Research and Writing Guides