How to format your references using the Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Maxmen, A., 2010. Grassroots initiatives. Nature 466, S20.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rahman, M.A., Halfar, J., 2014. First evidence of chitin in calcified coralline algae: new insights into the calcification process of Clathromorphum compactum. Sci. Rep. 4, 6162.

A journal article with 3 authors

Abou Chakra, M., Hilbe, C., Traulsen, A., 2014. Plastic behaviors in hosts promote the emergence of retaliatory parasites. Sci. Rep. 4, 4251.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sallon, S., Solowey, E., Cohen, Y., Korchinsky, R., Egli, M., Woodhatch, I., Simchoni, O., Kislev, M., 2008. Germination, genetics, and growth of an ancient date seed. Science 320, 1464.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reed, S.M., Hrci, 2017. The HRCI Official Body of Knowledge. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zhou, M.-M. (Ed.), 2015. Histone Recognition. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Kamat, R.K., Shinde, S.A., Shelake, V.G., 2009. Combinational Logic Design, in: Shinde, S.A., Shelake, V.G. (Eds.), Unleash the System On Chip Using FPGAs and Handel C. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 61–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. Can Stem Cell Therapy Really Treat Multiple Sclerosis? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/can-stem-cell-therapy-really-treat-multiple-sclerosis/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2009. Information Technology: U.S. Postal Service Needs to Strengthen System Acquisition and Management Capabilities to Improve Its Intelligent Mail Full Service Program (No. GAO-10-145). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zimmerman, T.F., 2010. A descriptive review of the development and implementation of a funding model for the Kentucky Community and Technical College System: The first 10 years, 1998–2008 (Doctoral dissertation). Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M., 2012. Symbols for Satire. New York Times B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Maxmen, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Maxmen, 2010; Rahman and Halfar, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rahman and Halfar, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Sallon et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
ISSN (print)	2095-7564
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Transportation