How to format your references using the Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Seeman, N.C., 2003. DNA in a material world. Nature 421, 427–431.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jin, H.-J., Weissmüller, J., 2011. A material with electrically tunable strength and flow stress. Science 332, 1179–1182.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bar-Yam, Y., Harmon, D., de Bivort, B., 2009. Systems biology. Attractors and democratic dynamics. Science 323, 1016–1017.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

O’Hagan, D., Schaffrath, C., Cobb, S.L., Hamilton, J.T.G., Murphy, C.D., 2002. Biochemistry: biosynthesis of an organofluorine molecule. Nature 416, 279.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Volpe, M.A., 2013. Rethinking Christian Identity. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford.

An edited book

Altmann, J., Rana, O.F. (Eds.), 2010. Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services: 7th International Workshop, GECON 2010, Ischia, Italy, August 31, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Santos, J.E., Gauzellino, P.M., 2016. Waves in a fluid-saturated poroelastic matrix composed of two weakly coupled solids, in: Gauzellino, P.M. (Ed.), Numerical Simulation in Applied Geophysics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 79–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2013. Increasing Antibiotic Efficacy With Silver [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/increasing-antibiotic-efficacy-silver-0/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Achieving Greater Economies in Data Processing in Federal Government (No. 115926). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liyakath, R.A., 2012. Reconfigurable Antenna and RF Circuits Using Multi-Layer Stretchable Conductors (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2015. Yuri Afanasyev, Ex-Communist Scholar, Dies at 81. New York Times B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Seeman, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Jin and Weissmüller, 2011; Seeman, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jin and Weissmüller, 2011)
Three or more authors: (O’Hagan et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
ISSN (print)	2095-7564
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Transportation