How to format your references using the Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weidemüller, M., 2013. Quantum physics: spooky action gets collective. Nature 498, 438–439.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tamura, K., Schimmel, P., 2004. Chiral-selective aminoacylation of an RNA minihelix. Science 305, 1253.

A journal article with 3 authors

Roberts, R.B., Ser, J.R., Kocher, T.D., 2009. Sexual conflict resolved by invasion of a novel sex determiner in Lake Malawi cichlid fishes. Science 326, 998–1001.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Brown, S., Janssen, M., Adumitroaie, V., Atreya, S., Bolton, S., Gulkis, S., Ingersoll, A., Levin, S., Li, C., Li, L., Lunine, J., Misra, S., Orton, G., Steffes, P., Tabataba-Vakili, F., Kolmašová, I., Imai, M., Santolík, O., Kurth, W., Hospodarsky, G., Gurnett, D., Connerney, J., 2018. Prevalent lightning sferics at 600 megahertz near Jupiter’s poles. Nature 558, 87–90.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lunt, R.R., Cunic, J.D., 2000. Profiles in Flue Gas Desulfurization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Oberhauser, A.F. (Ed.), 2013. Single-molecule Studies of Proteins, Biophysics for the Life Sciences. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Bettinger, P., Kim, Y.-H., 2008. Spatial Optimisation – Computational Methods, in: Gadow, K. von, Pukkala, T. (Eds.), Designing Green Landscapes, Managing Forest Ecosystems. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 111–135.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. Off-Kilter Planets Could Host Life [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/kilter-planets-could-host-life/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Health Information Technology: HHS Is Taking Steps to Develop a National Strategy (No. GAO-05-628). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Donohue, J., 2010. Resolving Past Liabilities for Future Reduction in Greenhouse Gases; Nuclear Energy and the Outstanding Federal Liability of Spent Nuclear Fuel (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K., 2009. Cheese, Please. New York Times NJ7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Weidemüller, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Tamura and Schimmel, 2004; Weidemüller, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tamura and Schimmel, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Brown et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
ISSN (print)	2095-7564
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Transportation