How to format your references using the Journal of Thermal Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Thermal Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gwynne, P., 2013. Diagnostics: The new risk predictors. Nature 493, S7-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Spencer, J.R., Denk, T., 2010. Formation of Iapetus’ extreme albedo dichotomy by exogenically triggered thermal ice migration. Science 327, 432–435.

A journal article with 3 authors

Peltier, W.R., Liu, Y., Crowley, J.W., 2007. Snowball Earth prevention by dissolved organic carbon remineralization. Nature 450, 813–818.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hou, X.-G., Siveter, Derek J., Aldridge, R.J., Siveter, David J., 2008. Collective behavior in an early Cambrian arthropod. Science 322, 224.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ford, I., 2013. Statistical Physics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Aptekar, L., 2014. Street Children and Homeless Youth: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Shirshov, A.I., 2009. On Special J-rings, in: Bokut, L., Shestakov, I., Latyshev, V., Zelmanov, E. (Eds.), Selected Works of A.I. Shirshov. Birkhäuser, Basel, pp. 27–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Thermal Biology.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. World War I To The Age Of The Cyborg: The Surprising History Of Prosthetic Limbs [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/world-war-i-to-the-age-of-the-cyborg-the-surprising-history-of-prosthetic-limbs/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. Responses to Questions for the Record; Hearing on the Future of Air Traffic Control Modernization (No. GAO-07-928R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Manzano, D., 2010. The benefits of fall intervention programs for older adults: A grant proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon, M.R., 2017. U.S. Mulls Providing Weapons to Ukraine. New York Times A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gwynne, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Gwynne, 2013; Spencer and Denk, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Spencer and Denk, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Hou et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Thermal Biology
Abbreviation	J. Therm. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0306-4565
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biochemistry Developmental Biology Physiology