How to format your references using the Journal of the Knowledge Economy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Knowledge Economy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perrin, M. D. (2015). Astrophysics: Surprisingly fast motions in a dust disk. Nature, 526(7572), 204–205.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nisbet, E. G., & Sleep, N. H. (2001). The habitat and nature of early life. Nature, 409(6823), 1083–1091.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith, Z. M., Delgutte, B., & Oxenham, A. J. (2002). Chimaeric sounds reveal dichotomies in auditory perception. Nature, 416(6876), 87–90.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Meuel, T., Xiong, Y. L., Fischer, P., Bruneau, C. H., Bessafi, M., & Kellay, H. (2013). Intensity of vortices: from soap bubbles to hurricanes. Scientific reports, 3, 3455.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bender, H. F. (2002). Das Gefahrstoffbuch. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Yehuda, S., & Mostofsky, D. I. (Eds.). (2010). Iron Deficiency and Overload: From Basic Biology to Clinical Medicine. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.

A chapter in an edited book

Altshuler, Y., Yanovsky, V., Wagner, I. A., & Bruckstein, A. M. (2006). Swarm Intelligence — Searchers, Cleaners and Hunters. In N. Nedjah & L. de M. Mourelle (Eds.), Swarm Intelligent Systems (pp. 93–132). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Knowledge Economy.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, October 25). Elon Musk Is About To Test The “Trickiest” Part Of His Mars Spaceship — A Giant, Potentially Explosive Black Orb. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/elon-musk-is-about-to-test-the-trickiest-part-of-his-mars-spaceship-a-giant-potentially-explosive-black-orbs/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). Guaranteed Student Loans: Comparisons of Single State and Multistate Guaranty Agencies (No. HRD-89-92). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Torres Garcia, A. C. (2015). The Impact of Health Insurance Coverage on the Use of Preventive Health Services and Healthy Behaviors: Evidence from Mexico’s Public Health Insurance Program “Seguro Popular” (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess, B., & Stevenson, A. (2016, September 23). New Scrutiny for JPMorgan in China Hiring. New York Times, p. B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perrin 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Nisbet and Sleep 2001; Perrin 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nisbet and Sleep 2001)
Three or more authors: (Meuel et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Knowledge Economy
Abbreviation	J. Knowl. Econ.
ISSN (print)	1868-7865
ISSN (online)	1868-7873
Scope	Economics and Econometrics