How to format your references using the Journal of the Indian Ocean Region citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Indian Ocean Region. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Andolfatto, P. (2005). Adaptive evolution of non-coding DNA in Drosophila. Nature, 437(7062), 1149–1152.

A journal article with 2 authors

Friedman, J. R., & Nunnari, J. (2014). Mitochondrial form and function. Nature, 505(7483), 335–343.

A journal article with 3 authors

Basole, A., White, L. E., & Fitzpatrick, D. (2003). Mapping multiple features in the population response of visual cortex. Nature, 423(6943), 986–990.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Saito, F., Hirayasu, K., Satoh, T., Wang, C. W., Lusingu, J., Arimori, T., Shida, K., Palacpac, N. M. Q., Itagaki, S., Iwanaga, S., Takashima, E., Tsuboi, T., Kohyama, M., Suenaga, T., Colonna, M., Takagi, J., Lavstsen, T., Horii, T., & Arase, H. (2018). Corrigendum: Immune evasion of Plasmodium falciparum by RIFIN via inhibitory receptors. Nature, 554(7693), 554.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Datta, T. K. (2010). Seismic Analysis of Structures. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Neuhaus, F. (Ed.). (2011). Studies in Temporal Urbanism: The urbanTick Experiment. Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Ramón-Vigo, R., Pérez-Higueras, N., Caballero, F., & Merino, L. (2016). A Framework for Modelling Local Human-Robot Interactions Based on Unsupervised Learning. In A. Agah, J.-J. Cabibihan, A. M. Howard, M. A. Salichs, & H. He (Eds.), Social Robotics: 8th International Conference, ICSR 2016, Kansas City, MO, USA, November 1-3, 2016 Proceedings (pp. 32–41). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Indian Ocean Region.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, May 2). Three New Earth-Like Planets Might Be Our Best Bet For Finding Life. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/three-earth-planets-discovered-40-light-years-away/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1977). Curriculum Case Studies Are of Questionable Quality but Helped Precollege Curriculum Activities (HRD-77-46). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reig, M. A. (2008). Cross-Dialectal Variability in Propositional Anaphora: A Quantitative and Pragmatic Study of Null Objects in Mexican and Peninsular Spanish [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grow, M. L. (2015, February 26). Gun Rights for Terrorists. New York Times, A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Andolfatto, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Andolfatto, 2005; Friedman & Nunnari, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Friedman & Nunnari, 2014)
Three authors: (Basole et al., 2003)
6 or more authors: (Saito et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Indian Ocean Region
ISSN (print)	1948-0881
ISSN (online)	1948-108X
Scope	Oceanography Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Water Science and Technology