How to format your references using the Journal of the Formosan Medical Association citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser J. TOXICOLOGY: Just How Bad Is Dioxin? Science. 2000 Jun 16;288(5473):1941b–4b.

A journal article with 2 authors

Withers P, Neumann GA. Enigmatic northern plains of Mars. Nature. 2001 Apr 5;410(6829):651.

A journal article with 3 authors

Woosley SE, Blinnikov S, Heger A. Pulsational pair instability as an explanation for the most luminous supernovae. Nature. 2007 Nov 15;450(7168):390–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hänsel W, Hommelhoff P, Hänsch TW, Reichel J. Bose-Einstein condensation on a microelectronic chip. Nature. 2001 Oct 4;413(6855):498–501.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zauderer E. Partial Differential Equations of Applied Mathematics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Mannion AM, editor. Carbon and its domestication. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006. XVI, 320 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhou J, Wen C. Multivariable Adaptive Control. In: Wen C, editor. Adaptive Backstepping Control of Uncertain Systems: Nonsmooth Nonlinearities, Interactions or Time-Variations. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 51–64. (Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.

Blog post

Andrew E. New Type Of Exoplanet Discovered. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Data Center Consolidation: Agencies Making Progress on Efforts, but Inventories and Plans Need to Be Completed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Jul. Report No.: GAO-12-742.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bowles A. The development of a standard of care for competency to stand trial evaluations [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. After Battle of Strategy, Two Managers Are Satisfied With Their Moves. New York Times. 2016 Oct 17;D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Abbreviation	J. Formos. Med. Assoc.
ISSN (print)	0929-6646
Scope	General Medicine