How to format your references using the Journal of the Formosan Medical Association citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harmer MP. Materials science. The phase behavior of interfaces. Science. 2011 Apr 8;332(6026):182–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Buluta I, Nori F. Quantum simulators. Science. 2009 Oct 2;326(5949):108–11.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wasmuth EV, Januszyk K, Lima CD. Structure of an Rrp6-RNA exosome complex bound to poly(A) RNA. Nature. 2014 Jul 24;511(7510):435–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Appeltant L, Van der Sande G, Danckaert J, Fischer I. Constructing optimized binary masks for reservoir computing with delay systems. Sci Rep. 2014 Jan 10;4:3629.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

DiGrado BD, Thorp GA. The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

Fontani M. Chemistry and Chemists in Florence: From the Last of the Medici Family to the European Magnetic Resonance Center. Orna MV, Costa M, editors. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. XI, 123 p. 30 illus., 11 illus. in color. (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science).

A chapter in an edited book

Rosen RC, Kupelian V. Epidemiology of Erectile Dysfunction and Key Risk Factors. In: Köhler TS, McVary KT, editors. Contemporary Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction: A Clinical Guide. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 45–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.

Blog post

Andrew E. Watch These Leafcutter Ants Carry Fresh Leaves for Their Fungal Farms. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Implementation of the Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985 Nov. Report No.: 128369.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Besson PS. Affective Organizational Commitment: A Comparative View of the Experience of 5-7 Year Managerial Employees Who Participated in an Employee Identity Network [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Mets’ Syndergaard Keeps Hitting the Gas. Just How Fast Can He Go? New York Times. 2017 Apr 2;D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Abbreviation	J. Formos. Med. Assoc.
ISSN (print)	0929-6646
Scope	General Medicine