How to format your references using the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Jones DT. Structural biology. Learning to speak the language of proteins. Science 2003;302:1347–1348.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Davidson EH, Erwin DH. Gene regulatory networks and the evolution of animal body plans. Science 2006;311:796–800.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kimchi T, Xu J, Dulac C. A functional circuit underlying male sexual behaviour in the female mouse brain. Nature 2007;448:1009–1014.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Yusa K, Rashid ST, Strick-Marchand H, et al. Targeted gene correction of α1-antitrypsin deficiency in induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2011;478:391–394.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Billington DP. Der Turm und die Brücke. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2013.

An edited book

1. Maharatna K, Bonfiglio S eds. Systems Design for Remote Healthcare. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chin A, Chignell M. DISSECT: Data-Intensive Socially Similar Evolving Community Tracker. In: Abraham A, Hassanien A-E, Sná¿el V, eds. Computational Social Network Analysis: Trends, Tools and Research Advances. Computer Communications and Networks. London: Springer, 2010;81–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. Mummified Bodies In Hungarian Crypt Tell Tale of Tuberculosis. IFLScience 2015. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/mummified-bodies-hungarian-crypt-tell-tale-tuberculosis/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Health Care: Home Care Experiences of Families With Chronically Ill Children. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Winkelhake B. Verbal argumentativeness: A study of retail store managers. 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly C. For Many, Thrift Shops Are a Wardrobe Essential. New York Times. April 26, 2008:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Abbreviation	J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.
ISSN (print)	0003-1488
ISSN (online)	1943-569X
Scope	General Veterinary