How to format your references using the Journal of Sustainable Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sustainable Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brugger, P. (2015). Animal behavior. Chicks with a number sense. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6221), 477–478.

A journal article with 2 authors

Krushelnick, K., & Cowley, S. (2005). Physics. Reduced turbulence and new opportunities for fusion. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5740), 1502–1503.

A journal article with 3 authors

Taggart, A. K. P., Teng, S.-C., & Zakian, V. A. (2002). Est1p as a cell cycle-regulated activator of telomere-bound telomerase. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5583), 1023–1026.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Jaganathan, H., Gage, J., Leonard, F., Srinivasan, S., Souza, G. R., Dave, B., & Godin, B. (2014). Three-dimensional in vitro co-culture model of breast tumor using magnetic levitation. Scientific Reports, 4, 6468.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stockinger, P. (2013). Audiovisual Archives. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

MacFarland, T. W. (2016). Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics for the Biological Sciences Using R (J. M. Yates, Ed.). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Bojarovich, J., & Malinkovsky, Y. (2013). Stationary Distribution Invariance of an Open Queueing Network with Temporarily Non-active Customers. In A. Dudin, V. Klimenok, G. Tsarenkov, & S. Dudin (Eds.), Modern Probabilistic Methods for Analysis of Telecommunication Networks: Belarusian Winter Workshops in Queueing Theory, BWWQT 2013, Minsk, Belarus, January 28-31, 2013. Proceedings (pp. 26–32). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sustainable Tourism.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2017, January 4). Why Do Our Friends Want Us To Drink And Dislike It When We Don’t? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/why-do-our-friends-want-us-to-drink-and-dislike-it-when-we-dont/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2001). Army Training: Improvements Are Needed in 5-Ton Truck Driver Training and Supervision (GAO-01-436). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Young, W. B. (2017). First-Generation Undergraduate Researchers: Engaging and Validating Cultural Wealth-Based Self-Authors [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2017, August 29). Teachable Moments About Corruption. New York Times, C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Brugger, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Brugger, 2015; Krushelnick & Cowley, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Krushelnick & Cowley, 2005)
Three authors: (Taggart et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Jaganathan et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sustainable Tourism
Abbreviation	J. Sustain. Tour.
ISSN (print)	0966-9582
ISSN (online)	1747-7646
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management Geography, Planning and Development