How to format your references using the Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schimel DS (2010) Climate. Drylands in the Earth system. Science 327:418–419

A journal article with 2 authors

Pyle J, Harris N (2013) Joe Farman (1930-2013). Nature 498:435

A journal article with 3 authors

Parry M, Lowe J, Hanson C (2009) Overshoot, adapt and recover. Nature 458:1102–1103

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dekel A, Stoehr F, Mamon GA, et al (2005) Lost and found dark matter in elliptical galaxies. Nature 437:707–710

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sewell G (2005) Computational Methods of Linear Algebra. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Piętka E, Kawa J, Wieclawek W (2014) Information Technologies in Biomedicine, Volume 3. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Muller-Karger FE, Hu C, Andréfouët S, et al (2005) The Color of the Coastal Ocean and Applications in the Solution of Research and Management Problems. In: Miller RL, Del Castillo CE, Mckee BA (eds) Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments: Technologies, Techniques and Applications. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 101–127

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Hubble’s Deep Field Images Of The Early Universe Are Postcards From Billions Of Years Ago. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Chicago Circulator. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mc Adams AN (2012) School psychologists’ perceptions of procedural fidelity in special education. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2017) A Perfectly Imperfect Shaggy Fish Story. New York Times C4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
Abbreviation	J. Sustain. Met.
ISSN (print)	2199-3823
ISSN (online)	2199-3831
Scope