How to format your references using the Journal of Sleep Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sleep Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kolber, A. Neuroethics: Give memory-altering drugs a chance. Nature, 2011, 476: 275–276.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gurdon, J.B., Bourillot, P.Y. Morphogen gradient interpretation. Nature, 2001, 413: 797–803.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hull, P.M., Darroch, S.A.F., Erwin, D.H. Rarity in mass extinctions and the future of ecosystems. Nature, 2015, 528: 345–351.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Johnston, C.A., Temple, B.R., Chen, J.-G., et al. Comment on “A G protein coupled receptor is a plasma membrane receptor for the plant hormone abscisic acid.” Science, 2007, 318: 914; author reply 914.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Costa, F., Gautier, C., Labouré, E., Revol, B. Electromagnetic Compatibility in Power Electronics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ , 2013.

An edited book

Dey, B., Sorour, K., Filieri, R. eds ICTs in Developing Countries: Research, Practices and Policy Implications. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London , 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Artamonov, V.A., Chubarov, I.A. Dual Algebras of Some Semisimple Finite-dimensional Hopf Algebras. In: Brzeziński, T., Gómez Pardo, J.L., Shestakov, I., and Smith, P.F. (eds.) Modules and Comodules. pp. 65–85. Birkhäuser, Basel (2008).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sleep Research.

Blog post

Taub, B. Virtual Reality Helps Scientists Recreate The Sounds Of Stonehenge, https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/virtual-reality-helps-scientists-recreate-sounds-stonehenge/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Transportation Infrastructure: Major Program Revisions Present Challenges. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC , 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Otarola, A.C. The effects of turbulence in an absorbing atmosphere on the propagation of microwave signals used in an active sounding system, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. White House Memo; President’s Early Troubles Rooted in Party’s Old Strains, 1993.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kolber, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Gurdon and Bourillot, 2001; Kolber, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gurdon and Bourillot, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Johnston et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sleep Research
Abbreviation	J. Sleep Res.
ISSN (print)	0962-1105
ISSN (online)	1365-2869
Scope	General Medicine Behavioral Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience