How to format your references using the Journal of Science Education and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Science Education and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Whitesides GM (2006) The origins and the future of microfluidics. Nature 442:368–373

A journal article with 2 authors

Nahrendorf M, Swirski FK (2015) Immunology. Neutrophil-macrophage communication in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Science 349:237–238

A journal article with 3 authors

Blackburn EH, Epel ES, Lin J (2015) Human telomere biology: A contributory and interactive factor in aging, disease risks, and protection. Science 350:1193–1198

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bai Y, Wu H, Wu R, et al (2014) Study of multi-level characteristics for 3D vertical resistive switching memory. Sci Rep 4:5780

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jones DW (2014) Economic Theory and the Ancient Mediterranean. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Stober I (2013) Geothermal Energy: From Theoretical Models to Exploration and Development. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Danielescu A, Savio-Ramos C, Sadauskas J (2013) Constructing an Embodied Interaction for Concept Mapping. In: Stephanidis C (ed) HCI International 2013 - Posters’ Extended Abstracts: International Conference, HCI International 2013, Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 21-26, 2013, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 23–27

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Science Education and Technology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) What A Tiny Micrometeorite From The Pilbara Can Tell Us About The Ancient Sky. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-tiny-micrometeorite-pilbara-can-tell-us-about-ancient-sky/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) National Airspace System: Observations on American Airlines’ 1997 Study of Future Air Traffic Congestion. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Marcheschi RL (2010) Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding individuals with epilepsy by marriage and family therapists and social workers. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B (2017) Defending Champion Kerber Is Ousted. New York Times B11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Whitesides 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Whitesides 2006; Nahrendorf and Swirski 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nahrendorf and Swirski 2015)
Three or more authors: (Bai et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Science Education and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Sci. Educ. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1059-0145
ISSN (online)	1573-1839
Scope	General Engineering Education

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