How to format your references using the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

¹ G.E. Robinson, “EVOLUTION. Dissecting diversity in the social brain,” Science 350(6266), 1310–1312 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

¹ S.J. Giovannoni, and K.L. Vergin, “Seasonality in ocean microbial communities,” Science 335(6069), 671–676 (2012).

A journal article with 3 authors

¹ S. Riehl, M. Zeidi, and N.J. Conard, “Emergence of agriculture in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains of Iran,” Science 341(6141), 65–67 (2013).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

¹ F. Pennekamp, M. Pontarp, A. Tabi, F. Altermatt, R. Alther, Y. Choffat, E.A. Fronhofer, P. Ganesanandamoorthy, A. Garnier, J.I. Griffiths, S. Greene, K. Horgan, T.M. Massie, E. Mächler, G.M. Palamara, M. Seymour, and O.L. Petchey, “Biodiversity increases and decreases ecosystem stability,” Nature 563(7729), 109–112 (2018).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

¹ M. Todinov, Reliability and Risk Models (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2015).

An edited book

¹ E. Kuzmann, and K. Lázár, editors , ISIAME 2008: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Industrial Applications of the Mössbauer Effect (ISIAME 2008) Held in Budapest, Hungary, 17–22 August 2008 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009).

A chapter in an edited book

¹ S. Chopra, S. Shim, and D.E. Steffy, “A few strong knapsack facets,” in Modeling and Optimization: Theory and Applications: MOPTA, Bethlehem, PA, USA, August 2014 Selected Contributions, edited by B. Defourny and T. Terlaky, (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015), pp. 77–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

¹ J. Davis, “Pig-Like ‘Bacon Turtle’ Swam The Ancient Waterways Of Utah,” IFLScience, (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

¹ Government Accountability Office, Freight Rail Security: Actions Have Been Taken to Enhance Security, but the Federal Strategy Can Be Strengthened and Security Efforts Better Monitored (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2009).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

¹ B. Parajuli, Students’ Motivations towards Volunteerism: A Comparative Study of the United States and Nepal, Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

¹ K. Crow, “Skip the Climbing Wall: This Start-Up Just Wants to Hang On,” New York Times, H4 (2001).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	J. Renew. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (online)	1941-7012
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment