How to format your references using the Journal of Radiation Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Radiation Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Patterson W. Fifty years of hopes and fears. Nature 2007;449:664.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Etienne-Manneville S, Hall A. Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 2002;420:629–35.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Worobey M, Han G-Z, Rambaut A. A synchronized global sweep of the internal genes of modern avian influenza virus. Nature 2014;508:254–7.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Jinks RN, Markley TL, Taylor EE et al. Adaptive visual metamorphosis in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent crab. Nature 2002;420:68–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bilbao S. Wave and Scattering Methods for Numerical Simulation. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005.

An edited book

1. Kugler T, Smith JC, Connolly T et al. eds. Decision Modeling and Behavior in Complex and Uncertain Environments. New York, NY: Springer, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Murray CE. Probing Strained Semiconductor Structures with Nanoscale X-ray Diffraction. In: Proulx T (ed.). Engineering Applications of Residual Stress, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 2011 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics. New York, NY: Springer, 2011, 35–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Radiation Research.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Sea Lion Plays With Little Girl - But Watch What Happens When She Falls Down. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Data Problems Threaten FAA Strides on Safety Analysis System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Glassett Farrelly S. Understanding Alternative Education: A Mixed Methods Examination of Student Experiences. 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Koblin J. Hall Quits ‘Today’ and NBC With Kelly Waiting Offstage. New York Times. February 1, 2017:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Radiation Research
Abbreviation	J. Radiat. Res.
ISSN (print)	0449-3060
ISSN (online)	1349-9157
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiation