How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (JPP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Caldecott KW. Molecular biology. Ribose--an internal threat to DNA. Science 2014; 343(6168): 260–261.

A journal article with 2 authors

Savill J, Fadok V. Corpse clearance defines the meaning of cell death. Nature 2000; 407(6805): 784–788.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tarlinton RE et al. Retroviral invasion of the koala genome. Nature 2006; 442(7098): 79–81.

A journal article with 3 or more authors

Kodama K et al. Magnetic superstructure in the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet SrCu2(BO3)2. Science 2002; 298(5592): 395–399.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lindahl D. Multi-Family Millions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.

An edited book

Cornelius K, Hermann D, eds. Virtual Worlds and Criminality. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Sebastiani P et al. Design and Analysis of Screening Experiments with Microarrays. In: Dean A, Lewis S, eds. Screening: Methods for Experimentation in Industry, Drug Discovery, and Genetics. New York, NY: Springer, 2006: 115–138.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. How Saturn Got Its Unique Rings Revealed In New Model. IFLScience 2016. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-saturn-got-its-unique-rings-revealed-in-new-model/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Statutory Copyright Licenses: Stakeholders’ Views on a Phaseout of Licenses for Broadcast Programming. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson KC. Teacher and parent perceptions of classroom experiences of African American male students in a high school alternative program. 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mueller B, Baker AL. Bullying Seen as Prelude to Classroom Stabbing. New York Times. September 29, 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
ISSN (print)	0022-3573
ISSN (online)	2042-7158
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science Pharmacology