How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Krammer PH. CD95’s deadly mission in the immune system. Nature. 2000;407(6805):789-795.

A journal article with 2 authors

Martin SG, St Johnston D. A role for Drosophila LKB1 in anterior-posterior axis formation and epithelial polarity. Nature. 2003;421(6921):379-384.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shen HZ, Wang W, Yi XX. Hall conductance and topological invariant for open systems. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6455.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Calo E, Gu B, Bowen ME, et al. Tissue-selective effects of nucleolar stress and rDNA damage in developmental disorders. Nature. 2018;554(7690):112-117.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

James L. Sustainability Footprints in SMEs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2014.

An edited book

Szende A, Janssen B, Cabases J, eds. Self-Reported Population Health: An International Perspective Based on EQ-5D. Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Brewin CR. A Theoretical Framework for Understanding Recovered Memory Experiences. In: Belli RF, ed. True and False Recovered Memories: Toward a Reconciliation of the Debate. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Springer; 2012:149-173.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Are False Memories? IFLScience. Published October 22, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/what-are-false-memories/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. DOD’s Acquisition of the Composite Health Care System. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yu W. Impacts of Storms and Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Evolution between Two Capes: Onslow Bay, North Carolina. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B. The Matches at Indian Wells Come With a Generous Serving of Opulence. New York Times. March 18, 2017:SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0022-3549
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science

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