How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fairley WB. Outrageous events: don’t count them out. Science. 2000;290(5492):715.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gibson DG, Venter JC. Synthetic biology: Construction of a yeast chromosome. Nature. 2014;509(7499):168-169.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen L, Dürr KL, Gouaux E. X-ray structures of AMPA receptor-cone snail toxin complexes illuminate activation mechanism. Science. 2014;345(6200):1021-1026.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rosasco-Nitcher SE, Lan W, Khorasanizadeh S, Stukenberg PT. Centromeric Aurora-B activation requires TD-60, microtubules, and substrate priming phosphorylation. Science. 2008;319(5862):469-472.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gasser W, Heiner E, Elk K. Greensche Funktionen in Festkörper- Und Vielteilchenphysik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Murschetz P, ed. State Aid for Newspapers: Theories, Cases, Actions. Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Fujiwara H, Araki Y, Sato Y, et al. Role of Circulating Blood Cells in Maternal Tissue Remodeling and Embryo-Maternal Cross Talk. In: Kanzaki H, ed. Uterine Endometrial Function. Springer Japan; 2016:49-60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Blog post

Taub B. Large Human Brains May Have Evolved In Order To Judge Others. IFLScience. August 15, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/large-human-brains-evolved-order-judge-others/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Station: Cost Control Problems. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Buzinski P. Exploring Job Satisfaction of Long-Term Virtual Employees. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Beleaguered Russian Orchestra Tours U.S. New York Times. March 4, 2006:B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0022-3549
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science