How to format your references using the Journal of Palaeogeography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Palaeogeography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wald, C., 2015. Neuroscience: The aesthetic brain. Nature 526, S2-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hanrieder, J., Ewing, A.G., 2014. Spatial elucidation of spinal cord lipid- and metabolite- regulations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci. Rep. 4, 5266.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, L.M., Friedman, R.M., Roe, A.W., 2003. Optical imaging of a tactile illusion in area 3b of the primary somatosensory cortex. Science 302, 881–885.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gange, A.C., Gange, E.G., Sparks, T.H., Boddy, L., 2007. Rapid and recent changes in fungal fruiting patterns. Science 316, 71.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Räisänen, V., 2006. Service Modelling. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Eppstein, D., 2008. Media Theory: Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, First edition. ed. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Savoia, C., Schiffrin, E.L., 2015. Vascular Changes in the Microcirculation: Arterial Remodeling and Capillary Rarefaction, in: Berbari, A., Mancia, G. (Eds.), Arterial Disorders: Definition, Clinical Manifestations, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 69–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Palaeogeography.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. What Do Dogs Dream About? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/what-do-dogs-dream-about/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. FAA Budget: Key Issues Need to Be Addressed (No. T-RCED-92-67). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dhah, S., 2015. The relationship between job-embedded professional development and special education teacher self-efficacy in hard-to-staff middle schools (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2011. Subject Changes, But Ryan Talks On. New York Times B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wald, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Hanrieder and Ewing, 2014; Wald, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hanrieder and Ewing, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Gange et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Palaeogeography
ISSN (print)	2095-3836
Scope