How to format your references using the Journal of Palaeogeography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Palaeogeography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grimaldi, D., 2009. Paleontology. Pushing back amber production. Science 326, 51–52.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vaia, R., Baur, J., 2008. Materials science. Adaptive composites. Science 319, 420–421.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rieseberg, L.H., Wood, T.E., Baack, E.J., 2006. The nature of plant species. Nature 440, 524–527.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Avinoam, O., Fridman, K., Valansi, C., Abutbul, I., Zeev-Ben-Mordehai, T., Maurer, U.E., Sapir, A., Danino, D., Grünewald, K., White, J.M., Podbilewicz, B., 2011. Conserved eukaryotic fusogens can fuse viral envelopes to cells. Science 332, 589–592.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Preber, B.J., 2014. Financial Expert Witness Communication. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Chaovalitwongse, W., Furman, K.C., Pardalos, P.M. (Eds.), 2009. Optimization and Logistics Challenges in the Enterprise, Springer Optimization and Its Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Iwai, K., Iida, K., Akiyoshi, M., Komoda, N., 2010. A Classification Method of Inquiry e-Mails for Describing FAQ with Self-configured Class Dictionary, in: Leon F. de Carvalho, A.P. de, Rodríguez-González, S., Paz Santana, J.F.D., Rodríguez, J.M.C. (Eds.), Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence: 7th International Symposium, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 35–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Palaeogeography.

Blog post

Evans, K., 2017. Humans Arrived In North America 10,000 Years Earlier Than We Thought [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1998. Social Security Administration: Subcommittee Questions Concerning Information Technology Challenges Facing the Commissioner (No. AIMD-98-235R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gray, J.L., 2014. Overcoming the threat of racial stereotyping in the workplace (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2004. Magazine Is New in Moscow, but Looks Familiar to New York. New York Times A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grimaldi, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Grimaldi, 2009; Vaia and Baur, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vaia and Baur, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Avinoam et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Palaeogeography
ISSN (print)	2095-3836
Scope