How to format your references using the Journal of Orthopaedic Translation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Orthopaedic Translation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Shoichet BK. Virtual screening of chemical libraries. Nature 2004;432:862–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Harper KC, Sigman MS. Three-dimensional correlation of steric and electronic free energy relationships guides asymmetric propargylation. Science 2011;333:1875–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Mizutani A, Chahl JS, Srinivasan MV. Insect behaviour: Motion camouflage in dragonflies. Nature 2003;423:604.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

James AB, Monreal JA, Nimmo GA, Kelly CL, Herzyk P, Jenkins GI, et al. The circadian clock in Arabidopsis roots is a simplified slave version of the clock in shoots. Science 2008;322:1832–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pasher E, Ronen T. The Complete Guide to Knowledge Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Alconada Magliano TM, Chulze SN, editors. Fusarium Head Blight in Latin America. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Boehm M, Habich D, Lehner W, Wloka U. Invisible Deployment of Integration Processes. In: Filipe J, Cordeiro J, editors. Enterprise Information Systems: 11th International Conference, ICEIS 2009, Milan, Italy, May 6-10, 2009. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 53–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Orthopaedic Translation.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. An Experimental Stem Cell Treatment Lead To A Woman Accidentally Growing A Nose On Her Spine. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/experimental-stem-cell-treatment-lead-woman-accidentally-growing-nose-her-spine/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Hazardous Waste: Problems and Cleanup Efforts at an FAA Facility in Oklahoma City. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Oldham CA. An investigation of genre and grammatical positioning in an online community. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Tracking Foreigners. New York Times 2003:A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Orthopaedic Translation
Abbreviation	J. Orthop. Translat.
ISSN (print)	2214-031X
Scope