How to format your references using the Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buchman, T. G. (2002). The community of the self. Nature, 420(6912), 246–251.

A journal article with 2 authors

Orme, C. M., & Bogan, J. S. (2009). Cell biology. Sorting out diabetes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5931), 1155–1156.

A journal article with 3 authors

Madhu, R., Veeramani, V., & Chen, S.-M. (2014). Heteroatom-enriched and renewable banana-stem-derived porous carbon for the electrochemical determination of nitrite in various water samples. Scientific reports, 4, 4679.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Yoshida, S., Kono, K., Lowery, D. M., Bartolini, S., Yaffe, M. B., Ohya, Y., & Pellman, D. (2006). Polo-like kinase Cdc5 controls the local activation of Rho1 to promote cytokinesis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5783), 108–111.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The American Ceramic Society. (2009). Progress in Nanotechnology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sergeyev, Y. D. (2013). Introduction to Global Optimization Exploiting Space-Filling Curves. (R. G. Strongin & D. Lera, Eds.). New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Toranzo, C. S., Errecalde, M., & Ferretti, E. (2014). On the Use of Agreement Technologies for Multi-criteria Decision Making within a BDI Agent. In A. L. C. Bazzan & K. Pichara (Eds.), Advances in Artificial Intelligence -- IBERAMIA 2014: 14th Ibero-American Conference on AI, Santiago de Chile, Chile, November 24-27, 2014, Proceedings (pp. 54–65). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, July 14). This 3D Map Of 1.2 Million Galaxies Could Unlock The Secrets of Dark Energy. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-3d-map-of-12-million-galaxies-could-unlock-the-secrets-of-dark-energy/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1986). A Profile of Selected Firms Awarded Small Business Innovation Research Funds (No. RCED-86-113FS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bunkley, R. L. (2010). A mentoring program for adolescents in a placement facility: A grant proposal project (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2011, April 3). Glorifying the Chickpea. New York Times, p. NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buchman 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Buchman 2002; Orme and Bogan 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Orme and Bogan 2009)
Three or more authors: (Yoshida et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity
Abbreviation	J. Open Innov.
ISSN (online)	2199-8531
Scope