How to format your references using the Journal of Occupational Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Occupational Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Giles, J. (2003). UK universities face star treatment in funding revamp. Nature, 423(6940), 574.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pflamm-Altenburg, J., & Kroupa, P. (2008). Clustered star formation as a natural explanation for the Halpha cut-off in disk galaxies. Nature, 455(7213), 641–643.

A journal article with 3 authors

Taylor, P. D., Day, T., & Wild, G. (2007). Evolution of cooperation in a finite homogeneous graph. Nature, 447(7143), 469–472.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Leventhal, A. G., Wang, Y., Pu, M., Zhou, Y., & Ma, Y. (2003). GABA and its agonists improved visual cortical function in senescent monkeys. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5620), 812–815.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sehgal, V. (2011). Supply Chain as Strategic Asset. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wesch, W., & Wendler, E. (Eds.). (2016). Ion Beam Modification of Solids: Ion-Solid Interaction and Radiation Damage (Vol. 61). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Reichmuth, C. (2012). Psychophysical Studies of Auditory Masking in Marine Mammals: Key Concepts and New Directions. In A. N. Popper & A. Hawkins (Eds.), The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life (pp. 23–27). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Occupational Science.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2015, March 26). What Would Happen If Bees Went Extinct? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/what-would-happen-if-bees-went-extinct/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2017). Aviation Security: TSA Does Not Have Valid Evidence Supporting Most of the Revised Behavioral Indicators Used in Its Behavior Detection Activities (GAO-17-608R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barger, B. (2014). A Quantitative Study of Educational Poverty, School Location, and Student Achievement Measured by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) [Doctoral dissertation]. Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B. (2016, October 12). Amazon Pairs Echo With Music Streaming Service. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Giles, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Giles, 2003; Pflamm-Altenburg & Kroupa, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pflamm-Altenburg & Kroupa, 2008)
Three authors: (Taylor et al., 2007)
6 or more authors: (Leventhal et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Occupational Science
Abbreviation	J. Occup. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1442-7591
ISSN (online)	2158-1576
Scope	Social Sciences (miscellaneous) Sociology and Political Science