How to format your references using the Journal of Nursing Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nursing Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dobson JE. Big Brother has evolved. Nature. 2009;458(7241):968.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tremaroli V, Bäckhed F. Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism. Nature. 2012;489(7415):242-249.

A journal article with 3 authors

Del Toro-De León G, García-Aguilar M, Gillmor CS. Non-equivalent contributions of maternal and paternal genomes to early plant embryogenesis. Nature. 2014;514(7524):624-627.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yin J, Gao F, Wei C, Lu Q. Water amount dependence on morphologies and properties of ZnO nanostructures in double-solvent system. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3736.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grous A. Fracture Mechanics 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Winkler F, ed. Algebraic Informatics: 4th International Conference, CAI 2011, Linz, Austria, June 21-24, 2011. Proceedings. Vol 6742. Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Correa L. Qualitative Choice and Logit Models Applied to Price Optimization. In: Elleithy K, ed. Innovations and Advanced Techniques in Systems, Computing Sciences and Software Engineering. Springer Netherlands; 2008:15-20.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nursing Education.

Blog post

Andrews R. China Will Launch The World’s First Quantum Satellite This July. IFLScience. Published May 31, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/china-will-launch-unhackable-quantum-satellite-july/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Follow-Up National Survey of Cable Television Rates and Services. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pan A. The Mental Health and Well-Being of College Students in Cambodia. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Gifts From a Fan Give Cespedes a Lift. New York Times. August 31, 2016:B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nursing Education
Abbreviation	J. Nurs. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0148-4834
ISSN (online)	1938-2421
Scope	General Nursing Education