How to format your references using the Journal of Nursing Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nursing Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tesche C. QUANTUM MECHANICS: Enhanced: Schrodinger’s Cat Is Out of the Hat. Science. 2000;290(5492):720-721.

A journal article with 2 authors

Johnston M, Stormo GD. Evolution. Heirlooms in the attic. Science. 2003;302(5647):997-999.

A journal article with 3 authors

Haas JS, Zavala B, Landisman CE. Activity-dependent long-term depression of electrical synapses. Science. 2011;334(6054):389-393.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Mallmann RT, Wilmes T, Lichvarova L, et al. Tetraspanin-13 modulates voltage-gated CaV2.2 Ca2+ channels. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1777.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Celant G, Broniatowski M. Interpolation and Extrapolation Optimal Designs 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Camps J, ed. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Non-Communicable Diseases - Molecular Mechanisms and Perspectives in Therapeutics. Vol 824. Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Carayannis EG, Pirzadeh A, Popescu D. Case Study: International Financial Architecture and Standards. In: Pirzadeh A, Popescu D, eds. Institutional Learning and Knowledge Transfer Across Epistemic Communities: New Tools of Global Governance. Springer; 2012:151-170.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nursing Education.

Blog post

Davis J. Could Calcite Be Used For Geoengineering? IFLScience. December 15, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/could-calcite-be-used-for-geoengineering/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Desktop Outsourcing: Positive Results Reported, but Analyses Could Be Strengthened. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crawford JD. Teacher Job Satisfaction as Related to Student Performance on State-Mandated Testing. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. Social Network Aims at the Biggest Fans of Live Music. New York Times. August 24, 2016:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nursing Education
Abbreviation	J. Nurs. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0148-4834
ISSN (online)	1938-2421
Scope	General Nursing Education