How to format your references using the Journal of Nonverbal Behavior citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain, C. (2013). Thrill of space exploration is a universal constant. Nature, 503(7476), 313.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dranovsky, A., & Leonardo, E. D. (2015). Neuroscience: The power of positivity. Nature, 522(7556), 294–295.

A journal article with 3 authors

Melchor, R. N., De Valais, S., & Genise, J. F. (2002). Bird-like fossil footprints from the Late Triassic. Nature, 417(6892), 936–938.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Switzer, J. A., Kothari, H. M., Poizot, P., Nakanishi, S., & Bohannan, E. W. (2003). Enantiospecific electrodeposition of a chiral catalyst. Nature, 425(6957), 490–493.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robinson, N., Hall, G., & Fawcett, W. (2011). How to Survive in Anaesthesia. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Doucet, I., & Janssens, N. (Eds.). (2011). Transdisciplinary Knowledge Production in Architecture and Urbanism: Towards Hybrid Modes of Inquiry (Vol. 11). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Batura, O., & Evas, T. (2016). Information Society Goes East: ICT Policy in the EU’s Eastern Partnership Cooperation Framework. In T. Kerikmäe & A. Chochia (Eds.), Political and Legal Perspectives of the EU Eastern Partnership Policy (pp. 39–57). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nonverbal Behavior.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, August 24). Moon Dances With Planets. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/moon-dances-planets/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Medical Records Privacy: Uses and Oversight of Patient Information in Research (No. T-HEHS-99-70). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Goshin, L. S. (2010). Behavior Problems and Competence in Preschoolers Who Spent Their First One to Eighteen Months in a Prison Nursery Program (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski, S. (2014, September 20). Where College Ratings Hits the Wall. New York Times, p. BU7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Macilwain 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Dranovsky and Leonardo 2015; Macilwain 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dranovsky and Leonardo 2015)
Three or more authors: (Switzer et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
Abbreviation	J. Nonverbal Behav.
ISSN (print)	0191-5886
ISSN (online)	1573-3653
Scope	Social Psychology