How to format your references using the Biomacromolecules citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomacromolecules. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

(1)

Charlesworth, B. No Pie in the Sky, Thanks. Nature 2000, 404 (6777), 431.

A journal article with 2 authors

(1)

Fox, B. A.; Bzik, D. J. De Novo Pyrimidine Biosynthesis Is Required for Virulence of Toxoplasma Gondii. Nature 2002, 415 (6874), 926–929.

A journal article with 3 authors

(1)

Zhang, Y.-C.; Song, S.-W.; Liu, W.-M. The Confinement Induced Resonance in Spin-Orbit Coupled Cold Atoms with Raman Coupling. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 4992.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

(1)

Wikramanayake, A. H.; Hong, M.; Lee, P. N.; Pang, K.; Byrum, C. A.; Bince, J. M.; Xu, R.; Martindale, M. Q. An Ancient Role for Nuclear Beta-Catenin in the Evolution of Axial Polarity and Germ Layer Segregation. Nature 2003, 426 (6965), 446–450.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

(1)

Anderson, J. B.; Johannesson, R. Understanding Information Transmission; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

(1)

Johnson, H. Violence Against Women: An International Perspective; Ollus, N., Nevala, S., Eds.; Springer: New York, NY, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

(1)

Shapiro, S. Effectiveness. In The Age of Alternative Logics: Assessing Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics Today; Benthem, J. van, Heinzmann, G., Rebuschi, M., Visser, H., Eds.; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2006; pp 37–49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomacromolecules.

Blog post

(1)

Carpineti, A. New Transgenic Corn Can Guarantee Food Safety For Millions. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/new-transgenic-corn-can-guarantee-food-safety-for-millions/ (accessed 2018-10-30)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

(1)

Government Accountability Office. ADP Equipment: FAA’s Use of a Suspended Contractor; IMTEC-86-23BR; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

(1)

Wansapura, A. N. The Role of Alpha Sodium,Potassium-ATPase Isoforms in Mediating Cardiac Hypertrophy in Response to Endogenous Cardiotonic Steroids. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(1)

Barron, J. Roaming the Woods, Imagining Gunfire on a Cold War Base. New York Times. September 24, 2017, p A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomacromolecules
Abbreviation	Biomacromolecules
ISSN (print)	1525-7797
ISSN (online)	1526-4602
Scope	Bioengineering Biomaterials Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics