How to format your references using the Journal of Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Liechti KM (2015) Materials science. Understanding friction in layered materials. Science 348:632–633

A journal article with 2 authors

Rolston SL, Phillips WD (2002) Nonlinear and quantum atom optics. Nature 416:219–224

A journal article with 3 authors

Hagan CL, Kim S, Kahne D (2010) Reconstitution of outer membrane protein assembly from purified components. Science 328:890–892

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lim JJ, Seol DW, Choi KH, et al (2014) Spermatogonial stem cell enrichment using simple grafting of testis and in vitro cultivation. Sci Rep 4:5923

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Woo J-H, Sohn J-H, Nam B-G, Yoo H-J (2010) Mobile 3D Graphics SoC. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Dronamraju KR (2006) Malaria: Genetic and Evolutionary Aspects. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Bampzelis D, Karacostas T (2013) Radar Derived Storm Characteristics Over Central Greece. In: Helmis CG, Nastos PT (eds) Advances in Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 27–33

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neurology.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) GM Crops that Produce Fish Oil Successfully Grown in the Field. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Federal Research: Peer Review Practices at Federal Science Agencies Vary. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lastica JR (2012) Why Do They Stay? A Phenomenological Study of Secondary Science Teacher Experiences. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Blinder A, Baker AL, David Goodman J (2014) Tracing Gun Used to Kill 2 Officers, Officials Wind Up in a Familiar Spot. New York Times A22

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neurology
Abbreviation	J. Neurol.
ISSN (print)	0340-5354
ISSN (online)	1432-1459
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology