How to format your references using the Journal of Neuroinflammation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neuroinflammation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Nagaosa N. Physics. A new state of quantum matter. Science. 2007;318:758–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Sanders RW, Moore JP. HIV: A stamp on the envelope. Nature. 2014;514:437–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Koskinen TT, Aylward AD, Miller S. A stability limit for the atmospheres of giant extrasolar planets. Nature. 2007;450:845–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Obayashi E, Yoshida H, Kawai F, Shibayama N, Kawaguchi A, Nagata K, et al. The structural basis for an essential subunit interaction in influenza virus RNA polymerase. Nature. 2008;454:1127–31.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. zur Hausen H. Infections Causing Human Cancer. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2006.

An edited book

1. Gabriel EA, Gabriel SA, editors. Inflammatory Response in Cardiovascular Surgery. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Huang Y, Ratovitski EA. Midkine/P63 Axis in Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. In: Ergüven M, Muramatsu T, Bilir A, editors. Midkine: From Embryogenesis to Pathogenesis and Therapy. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012. p. 41–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neuroinflammation.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Dark Grape Compound May Help The Body Burn Fat. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Broadcast Television and Radio: Disclosure Requirements for Broadcasted Content. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Sep. Report No.: GAO-14-738.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Chryssis AN. Design and fabrication of high-performance interband cascade tunable external cavity lasers [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Saslow L. Nassau Backs Bid for Regional Planning Council. New York Times. 2007 Aug 5;LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neuroinflammation
Abbreviation	J. Neuroinflammation
ISSN (online)	1742-2094
Scope	Immunology General Neuroscience Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Neurology