How to format your references using the Journal of Neuroinflammation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neuroinflammation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Bowen GJ. Ocean science. A faster water cycle. Science. 2011;332:430–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kai L, Kaldenhoff R. A refined model of water and CO₂ membrane diffusion: effects and contribution of sterols and proteins. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6665.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Koenderink AF, Alù A, Polman A. Nanophotonics: shrinking light-based technology. Science. 2015;348:516–21.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Seidemann E, Arieli A, Grinvald A, Slovin H. Dynamics of depolarization and hyperpolarization in the frontal cortex and saccade goal. Science. 2002;295:862–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Prutchi D, Prutchi SR. Exploring Quantum Physics Through Hands-On Projects. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

1. Oduaran A, Bhola HS, editors. WIDENING ACCESS TO EDUCATION AS SOCIAL JUSTICE. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Liu W, Cai W, Cui B, Wang M. Synthetic Evaluation Method of Electronic Visual Display Terminal Visual Performance Based on the Letter Search Task. In: Shumaker R, Lackey S, editors. Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality: 7th International Conference, VAMR 2015, Held as Part of HCI International 2015, Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2-7, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 30–8.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neuroinflammation.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Vaccine Against Alzheimer’s Disease Protein Passes First Stage Of Clinical Trials. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. NASA: Compliance with Cost Limits. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004 Apr. Report No.: GAO-04-648R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tofthagen CS. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tampa, FL]: University of South Florida; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Path of Saudi Arabian Trailblazer Runs Through the United States. New York Times. 2012 Jul 14;D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neuroinflammation
Abbreviation	J. Neuroinflammation
ISSN (online)	1742-2094
Scope	Immunology General Neuroscience Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Neurology