How to format your references using the Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Adrian, R.J., 2010. Applied physics. Closing in on models of wall turbulence. Science 329, 155–156.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shaye, D.D., Greenwald, I., 2002. Endocytosis-mediated downregulation of LIN-12/Notch upon Ras activation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 420, 686–690.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zeng, B., Gao, Y., Bartoli, F.J., 2013. Ultrathin nanostructured metals for highly transmissive plasmonic subtractive color filters. Sci. Rep. 3, 2840.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, G.C., Wang, Q., Li, S.L., Ai, X.G., Fan, C.G., 2014. Evidence of multi-step nucleation leading to various crystallization pathways from an Fe-O-Al melt. Sci. Rep. 4, 5082.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

von Eye, A., Mun, E.-Y., 2012. Log-Linear Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bounfour, A., Miyagawa, T. (Eds.), 2015. Intangibles, Market Failure and Innovation Performance. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Cerqueira, E., Veloso, L., Neto, A., Curado, M., Mendes, P., Monteiro, E., 2007. Q3M – QoS Architecture for Multi-user Mobile Multimedia Sessions in 4G systems, in: Krishnaswamy, D., Pfeifer, T., Raz, D. (Eds.), Real-Time Mobile Multimedia Services: 10th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Management of Multimedia and Mobile Networks and Services, MMNS 2007, San José, USA, October 31 - November 2, 2007 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 38–49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2013. Selective Killing Can Affect Elephants for Decades [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993. Federal Research: Aging Federal Laboratories Need Repairs and Upgrades (No. T-RCED-93-71). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chen, A.P., 2008. An efficient algorithm for calculating fluctuation field and simulating the thermal magnetic aftereffect (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stellin, S., 2013. District Judge Upholds Government’s Right to Search Electronics at Border. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Adrian, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Adrian, 2010; Shaye and Greenwald, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shaye and Greenwald, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1875-5100
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology