How to format your references using the Journal of Medical Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Medical Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Madden JD. Mobile robots: motor challenges and materials solutions. Science. 2007;318:1094–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kim K-H, Park Q-H. Perfect anti-reflection from first principles. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1062.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Wood BJ, Walter MJ, Wade J. Accretion of the Earth and segregation of its core. Nature. 2006;441:825–33.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Tang W, Zeve D, Suh JM, Bosnakovski D, Kyba M, Hammer RE, et al. White fat progenitor cells reside in the adipose vasculature. Science. 2008;322:583–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bunnell T. From World City to the World in One City. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Arts B, Lagendijk A, Houtum H van, editors. The Disoriented State: Shifts in Governmentality, Territoriality and Governance. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Vailati-Riboni M, Elolimy A, Loor JJ. Nutritional Systems Biology to Elucidate Adaptations in Lactation Physiology of Dairy Cows. In: Kadarmideen HN, editor. Systems Biology in Animal Production and Health, Vol 2. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 97–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Medical Toxicology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Why I believe we’ll find aliens – leading expert on search for intelligent extra-terrestrial life [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/why-i-believe-well-find-aliens-leading-expert-search-intelligent-extra-terrestrial-life/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: TSA Has Completed Key Activities Associated with Implementing Secure Flight, but Additional Actions Are Needed to Mitigate Risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 May. Report No.: GAO-09-292.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Haug JJ. A summer literacy intervention for struggling readers at the middle school level using strategies in comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, and positive school climate to improve reading comprehension: An evaluation study [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. (nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Two Killed In Bus Stop Blast. New York Times. 2004 Jul 20;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Medical Toxicology
Abbreviation	J. Med. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	1556-9039
ISSN (online)	1937-6995
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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