How to format your references using the Journal of Medical Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Medical Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dlakic M. Is CdtB a nuclease or a phosphatase? Science 2001;291(5504):547.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smetacek V, Cloern JE. Oceans. On phytoplankton trends. Science 2008;319(5868):1346–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Waterhouse PM, Wang MB, Lough T. Gene silencing as an adaptive defence against viruses. Nature 2001;411(6839):834–42.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Packer C, Ikanda D, Kissui B, Kushnir H. Conservation biology: lion attacks on humans in Tanzania. Nature 2005;436(7053):927–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bhaskar K, Varadan Retd. TK. Plates. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Noguchi M, editor. ZEMCH: Toward the Delivery of Zero Energy Mass Custom Homes. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Cinbis RG, Sclaroff S. Contextual Object Detection Using Set-Based Classification. In: Fitzgibbon A, Lazebnik S, Perona P, Sato Y, Schmid C, editors. Computer Vision – ECCV 2012: 12th European Conference on Computer Vision, Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part VI. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. page 43–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Medical Physics.

Blog post

Andrew E. Have Children? Here’s How Kids Ruin Your Romantic Relationship [Internet]. IFLScience2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/have-children-here-s-how-kids-ruin-your-romantic-relationship/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Homeland Security: DHS Enterprise Architecture Continues to Evolve but Improvements Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sakalli Gumus S. Preparing teachers for partnering with families: Examining the impact of a specifically designed curriculum on professionals. 2008;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bromwich JE, Stack L. ‘Serial’ Podcast Figure Gets New Trial in a Murder He Says He Didn’t Commit. New York Times2016;A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Medical Physics
Abbreviation	J. Med. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0971-6203
ISSN (online)	1998-3913
Scope	Biophysics Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging