How to format your references using the Journal of International Relations and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of International Relations and Development (JIRD). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chaieb, Sahraoui (2014) ‘Elasto-plasticity in wrinkled polymerized lipid membranes’, Scientific reports 4: 3699.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jordan, Kenneth D. and Mark A. Johnson (2010) ‘Chemistry. Downsizing the hydrated electron’s lair’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 329(5987): 42–43.

A journal article with 3 authors

Koo, Bonwoo, Carol Nottenburg, and Philip G. Pardey (2004) ‘Intellectual property. Plants and intellectual property: an international appraisal’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 306(5700): 1295–1297.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wu, W.J., J.W. Erickson, R. Lin, and R.A. Cerione (2000) ‘The gamma-subunit of the coatomer complex binds Cdc42 to mediate transformation’, Nature 405(6788): 800–804.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gaffney, Steven and Colleen Francis (2009) Honesty Sells, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Cuzzocrea, Alfredo and Sofian Maabout, eds. (2013) Model and Data Engineering: Third International Conference, MEDI 2013, Amantea, Italy, September 25-27, 2013. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Florian, Michael (2006) ‘Network Equilibrium Models for Analyzing Toll Highways’, in Siriphong Lawphongpanich, Donald W. Hearn, and Michael J. Smith, eds., Mathematical and Computational Models for Congestion Charging, 105–115, Applied Optimization, Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of International Relations and Development.

Blog post

Carpineti, Alfredo (2016) ‘Jupiter Is Hit By 6.5 Fireballs Every Year’, IFLScience available at https://www.iflscience.com/space/jupiter-hit-65-fireball-every-year/ (accessed 30 October, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976). ‘Technology Innovation: Improving the Climate for Government-Industry Cooperation’, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clyde, Kevin M. Instructors’ Perceptions of the National Association of Schools of Music Influence on the Development of Undergraduate Applied Percussion Curricula. Doctoral dissertation, Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda ‘Justices to Say When Police Can Enter Private Home’. New York Times, January 7, A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chaieb 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Chaieb 2014; Jordan and Johnson 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jordan and Johnson 2010)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of International Relations and Development
Abbreviation	J. Int. Relat. Dev.
ISSN (print)	1408-6980
ISSN (online)	1581-1980
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations