How to format your references using the Journal of International Relations and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of International Relations and Development (JIRD). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Binzel, R.P. (2000) ‘PLANETARY SCIENCE: Asteroids Come of Age’, Science (New York, N.Y.) 289(5487): 2065–2066.

A journal article with 2 authors

Su, Fei and Ping Xu (2014) ‘Genomic analysis of thermophilic Bacillus coagulans strains: efficient producers for platform bio-chemicals’, Scientific reports 4: 3926.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bonabeau, E., M. Dorigo, and G. Theraulaz (2000) ‘Inspiration for optimization from social insect behaviour’, Nature 406(6791): 39–42.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Dollar, Gretchen L., Ursula Weber, Marek Mlodzik, and Sergei Y. Sokol (2005) ‘Regulation of Lethal giant larvae by Dishevelled’, Nature 437(7063): 1376–1380.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Habart-Corlosquet, Marine, Jacques Janssen, and Raimondo Manca (2013) VaR Methodology for Non-Gaussian Finance, Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Islam, M.D. Nazrul, ed. (2016) Public Health Challenges in Contemporary China: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, 1st ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Almeida Matos, Ana (2009) ‘Flow Policy Awareness for Distributed Mobile Code’, in Mario Bravetti and Gianluigi Zavattaro, eds., CONCUR 2009 - Concurrency Theory: 20th International Conference, CONCUR 2009, Bologna, Italy, September 1-4, 2009. Proceedings, 53–68, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of International Relations and Development.

Blog post

Fang, Janet (2015) ‘Can Bacteria Help Save Bats From a Deadly Fungus?’, IFLScience available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/can-bacteria-help-save-bats-deadly-fungus/ (accessed 30 October, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). ‘Information Technology: Comments on Proposed OMB Guidance for Implementing the Government Paperwork Elimination Act’, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Migues, Karla Pilcher A Qualitative Exploration of Retention of Experienced Teachers: Why Do They Stay? Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, John ‘Murder, He Wrote’. New York Times, April 14, BR6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Binzel 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Binzel 2000; Su and Xu 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Su and Xu 2014)
Three or more authors: (Dollar et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of International Relations and Development
Abbreviation	J. Int. Relat. Dev.
ISSN (print)	1408-6980
ISSN (online)	1581-1980
Scope	Development Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations