How to format your references using the Journal of International Humanitarian Action citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of International Humanitarian Action. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gershon D (2000) Canada catalyses health research with thirteen virtual institutes. Nature 407:113–114

A journal article with 2 authors

Teagle D, Ildefonse B (2011) Journey to the mantle of the Earth. Nature 471:437–439

A journal article with 3 authors

Bastos-Aristizabal S, Kozlov G, Gehring K (2014) Structure of the substrate-binding b’ domain of the Protein Disulfide Isomerase-Like protein of the Testis. Sci Rep 4:4464

A journal article with 5 or more authors

He J, Ritalahti KM, Yang K-L, et al (2003) Detoxification of vinyl chloride to ethene coupled to growth of an anaerobic bacterium. Nature 424:62–65

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Marti P (2013) Theory of Structures. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Lammert E, Zeeb M (eds) (2014) Metabolism of Human Diseases: Organ Physiology and Pathophysiology. Springer, Vienna

A chapter in an edited book

Baltes J, Byagowi A, Anderson J, Kopacek P (2009) Teen Sized Humanoid Robot: Archie. In: Kim J-H, Ge SS, Vadakkepat P, et al. (eds) Progress in Robotics: FIRA RoboWorld Congress 2009, Incheon, Korea, August 16-20, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 34–41

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of International Humanitarian Action.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) How Saturn’s Shepherd Moons Herd Its Rings. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-saturns-shepherd-moons-herd-its-rings/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Homeland Security: Weak Oversight of Human Resources Information Technology Investment Needs Considerable Improvement. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Butts P (2017) Green Roof Vegetable Production in Three Different Growth Media. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McPHATE M (2016) Man Cuffed on Failure to Return VHS Tape. New York Times A20

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gershon 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Gershon 2000; Teagle and Ildefonse 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Teagle and Ildefonse 2011)
Three or more authors: (He et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of International Humanitarian Action
Abbreviation	J. Int. Humanit. Action
ISSN (print)	2364-3412
ISSN (online)	2364-3404
Scope