How to format your references using the Journal of Institute of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Institute of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ristein J. Physics. Surface transfer doping of semiconductors. Science. 2006 Aug 25;313(5790):1057–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rash BG, Rakic P. Neuroscience. Genetic resolutions of brain convolutions. Science. 2014 Feb 14;343(6172):744–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jia Y, Sanchez JA, Wangh LJ. Kinetic hairpin oligonucleotide blockers for selective amplification of rare mutations. Sci Rep. 2014 Aug 1;4:5921.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Buckley NJ, Johnson R, Sun YM, Stanton LW. Is REST a regulator of pluripotency? Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):E5-6; discussion E7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hahn A, Behle B, Lischewski D, Rein W. Produktionstechnische Praxis. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2002.

An edited book

Agrawal D, Candan KS, Li WS, editors. New Frontiers in Information and Software as Services: Service and Application Design Challenges in the Cloud. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. X, 301 p. (Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing; vol. 74).

A chapter in an edited book

Serradell E, Özuysal M, Lepetit V, Fua P, Moreno-Noguer F. Combining Geometric and Appearance Priors for Robust Homography Estimation. In: Daniilidis K, Maragos P, Paragios N, editors. Computer Vision – ECCV 2010: 11th European Conference on Computer Vision, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, September 5-11, 2010, Proceedings, Part III. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 58–72. (Hutchison D, Kanade T, Kittler J, Kleinberg JM, Mattern F, Mitchell JC, et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Institute of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. Mantis Shrimp Use “Nature’s Sunscreen” To Tune UV Vision. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Bonneville’s ADP Resource Management Controls Show Improvement, but More Needs To Be Done. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Jun. Report No.: AFMD-83-63.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carley R. Evaluation of the impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and hurricanes on wildfires in southeast Louisiana [Doctoral dissertation]. [Mississippi State, MS]: Mississippi State University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. Curtain’s Up. Adulthood Can Wait. New York Times. 2017 Aug 15;C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Institute of Medicine
Abbreviation	J. Inst. Med.
ISSN (print)	1993-2979
ISSN (online)	1993-2987
Scope