How to format your references using the Applied Intelligence citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Intelligence. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ihde D (2000) Putting technology in its place. Nature 404:935

A journal article with 2 authors

Tanaka M, Lisberger SG (2001) Regulation of the gain of visually guided smooth-pursuit eye movements by frontal cortex. Nature 409:191–194

A journal article with 3 authors

Mathew-Fenn RS, Das R, Harbury PAB (2008) Remeasuring the double helix. Science 322:446–449

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zaiss DM, Yang L, Shah PR, et al (2006) Amphiregulin, a TH2 cytokine enhancing resistance to nematodes. Science 314:1746

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grimble MJ (2006) Robust Industrial Control Systems. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, England

An edited book

Benettin G (2005) Hamiltonian Dynamics. Theory and Applications: Lectures given at the C.I.M.E.-E.M.S. Summer School held in Cetraro, Italy, July 1-10, 1999. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Moltó A, Orihuela J, Troyanski S, Valdivia M (2009) σ-Slicely Continuous Maps. In: Orihuela J, Troyanski S, Valdivia M (eds) A Nonlinear Transfer Technique for Renorming. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 73–99

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Intelligence.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Dementia Now The Leading Cause Of Death In England And Wales. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dementia-now-the-leading-cause-of-death-in-england-and-wales/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Special Education: Additional Federal Actions Could Help Address Unique Challenges of Educating Children in Nursing Homes. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Charpentier DT (2017) Why Dey Talk Like Dat?: A Study of the Status of Cajun English as a Dialect or an Accent. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson G (2014) Beyond Energy, Matter, Time and Space. New York Times D6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Intelligence
Abbreviation	Appl. Intell.
ISSN (print)	0924-669X
ISSN (online)	1573-7497
Scope	Artificial Intelligence