How to format your references using the Journal of Inflammation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Inflammation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Ashwell M. Elsie Widdowson (1906-2000). Nature. 2000;406:844.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Bada JL, Lazcano A. Perceptions of science. Prebiotic soup--revisiting the Miller experiment. Science. 2003;300:745–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Yang L, Yang N, Li B. Reduction of thermal conductivity by nanoscale 3D phononic crystal. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1143.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Spilianakis CG, Lalioti MD, Town T, Lee GR, Flavell RA. Interchromosomal associations between alternatively expressed loci. Nature. 2005;435:637–45.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bi J. Sensory Discrimination Tests and Measurements. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Grune T, editor. Reactions, Processes: Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Mahanta C, Choudhury R, Basu S, Hemani R, Dutta A, Barua PP, et al. Preliminary Assessment of Arsenic Distribution in Brahmaputra River Basin of India Based on Examination of 56,180 Public Groundwater Wells. In: Ramanathan AL, Johnston S, Mukherjee A, Nath B, editors. Safe and Sustainable Use of Arsenic-Contaminated Aquifers in the Gangetic Plain: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 57–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Inflammation.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. NASA To Put Plant Life On The Moon [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2013 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-put-plant-life-moon/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Airline Deregulation: Reregulating the Airline Industry Would Likely Reverse Consumer Benefits and Not Save Airline Pensions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Jun. Report No.: GAO-06-630.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Martin JC. Tbx18 and the epicardium in cardiac development and regenerative medicine [Doctoral dissertation]. [La Jolla, CA]: University of California San Diego; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Eligon J, Nolan K. In Milwaukee, Worries Over Eliminating Rule That Police Must Live in City. New York Times. 2016 Aug 19;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Inflammation
Abbreviation	J. Inflamm. (Lond.)
ISSN (online)	1476-9255
Scope