How to format your references using the Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schrope M. Criticism mounts as Bush backs out of Kyoto accord. Nature 2001;410:616.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Chinsamy A, Elzanowski A. Bone histology. Evolution of growth pattern in birds. Nature 2001;412:402–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Li Y-L, Kinloch IA, Windle AH. Direct spinning of carbon nanotube fibers from chemical vapor deposition synthesis. Science 2004;304:276–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Li Y, Su L, Shou C, Yu C, Deng J, Fang Y. Surface-enhanced molecular spectroscopy (SEMS) based on perfect-absorber metamaterials in the mid-infrared. Sci Rep 2013;3:2865.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Schmidt RH, Rodrick GE. Food Safety Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Xu L. Visual Quality Assessment by Machine Learning. Singapore: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gelmetti C. La dermatologia e la venereologia dal XIX al XX secolo. In: Gelmetti C, editor. Storia della Dermatologia e della Venereologia in Italia, Milano: Springer; 2015, p. 103–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. What’s The Benefit In Making Human-Animal Hybrids? IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/whats-the-benefit-in-making-human-animal-hybrids/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Infrastructure: Federal Highway Administration FY 1992 Budget Request and Highway Program Reauthorization Proposal. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Williamson KM. The effects of communist policies, the democratic transition, and EU accession on gender equality in Germany and the Czech Republic. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. Indomitable Russell Values One Accolade Above the Rest. New York Times 2011:SP1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
Abbreviation	J. Infect. Chemother.
ISSN (print)	1341-321X
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical) Pharmacology (medical)