How to format your references using the Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stroud CR Jr (2004) Physics. Pas de deux for atomic electrons. Science 303:778–779

A journal article with 2 authors

Richmond BG, Jungers WL (2008) Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism. Science 319:1662–1665

A journal article with 3 authors

Pickrell JK, Gilad Y, Pritchard JK (2012) Comment on “Widespread RNA and DNA sequence differences in the human transcriptome.” Science 335:1302; author reply 1302

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dacke M, Nilsson D-E, Scholtz CH, et al (2003) Animal behaviour: insect orientation to polarized moonlight. Nature 424:33

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Söchting I (2014) Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, UK

An edited book

Harju T, Karhumäki J, Lepistö A (eds) (2007) Developments in Language Theory: 11th International Conference, DLT 2007, Turku, Finland, July 3-6, 2007. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Murray-Rust D, Robertson D (2015) Bootstrapping the Next Generation of Social Machines. In: Li W, Huhns MN, Tsai W-T, Wu W (eds) Crowdsourcing: Cloud-Based Software Development. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 53–71

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) What Happens When You Put Metal In A Microwave? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) DOT Discretionary Grants: Problems with Hurricane Sandy Transit Grant Selection Process Highlight the Need for Additional Accountability. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Araki PR (2017) Golden Years Home Residential Care Facility for the Elderly. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Urbina I (2015) Forced Labor for Cheap Fish. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stroud 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Stroud 2004; Richmond and Jungers 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Richmond and Jungers 2008)
Three or more authors: (Dacke et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade
Abbreviation	J. Ind. Compet. Trade
ISSN (print)	1566-1679
ISSN (online)	1573-7012
Scope	Industrial relations