How to format your references using the Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2002) A climate of uncertainty. Nature 415:6

A journal article with 2 authors

Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T (2005) Reversing histone methylation. Nature 436:1103–1106

A journal article with 3 authors

Alonso S, Sagués F, Mikhailov AS (2003) Taming Winfree turbulence of scroll waves in excitable media. Science 299:1722–1725

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kang I, Wang Y, Reagan C, et al (2013) Designing DNA interstrand lock for locus-specific methylation detection in a nanopore. Sci Rep 3:2381

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gwynne A (2013) Guide to Building Control. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Lipper L, Sakuyama T, Stringer R, Zilberman D (eds) (2009) Payment for Environmental Services in Agricultural Landscapes: Economic Policies and Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Zhao BG (2008) Pine Wilt Disease in China. In: Zhao BG, Futai K, Sutherland JR, Takeuchi Y (eds) Pine Wilt Disease. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp 18–25

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Health Warning: Five Fashion Trends That are Terrible For You. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Measuring Performance: Challenges in Evaluating Research and Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bowman K (2017) A Close Look at the 2014 Passage of the Illinois County School Facility Sales Tax in Greene County. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2007) Hidden Treasures Of the Food Industry. New York Times 14NJ13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2002; Bannister and Kouzarides 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bannister and Kouzarides 2005)
Three or more authors: (Kang et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade
Abbreviation	J. Ind. Compet. Trade
ISSN (print)	1566-1679
ISSN (online)	1573-7012
Scope	Industrial relations