How to format your references using the Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Juma C. Preventing hunger: biotechnology is key. Nature. 2011;479:471–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Dangl JL, Jones JD. Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection. Nature. 2001;411:826–33.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Silva-Santos B, Pennington DJ, Hayday AC. Lymphotoxin-mediated regulation of gammadelta cell differentiation by alphabeta T cell progenitors. Science. 2005;307:925–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Edwards JK, Solsona B, N EN, Carley AF, Herzing AA, Kiely CJ, et al. Switching off hydrogen peroxide hydrogenation in the direct synthesis process. Science. 2009;323:1037–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Vitale J. The Seven Lost Secrets of Success. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

1. Mackey PJ, Grimsey EJ, Jones RT, Brooks GA, editors. Celebrating the Megascale: Proceedings of the Extraction and Processing Division Symposium on Pyrometallurgy in Honor of David G.C. Robertson. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Carpené M, Klampanos IA, Leong SH, Casarotti E, Danecek P, Ferini G, et al. Towards Addressing CPU-Intensive Seismological Applications in Europe. In: Kunkel JM, Ludwig T, Meuer HW, editors. Supercomputing: 28th International Supercomputing Conference, ISC 2013, Leipzig, Germany, June 16-20, 2013 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 55–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. First Ever Footage Of Terrifying Deep-Sea Animal. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Supercomputers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Dec. Report No.: NSIAD-97-54R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Koons LM. An outreach program for homeless individuals: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Feeney K. Middle Eastern Munch. New York Times. 2008 Mar 30;NJ12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Abbreviation	J. Immigr. Minor. Health
ISSN (print)	1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
Scope	Epidemiology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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