How to format your references using the Journal of Hearing Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hearing Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bers DM. Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. Nature, 2002; 415(6868): 198–205.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fallani L, Inguscio M. Physics. Controlling cold-atom conductivity. Science, 2008; 322(5907): 1480–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Allen AP, Brown JH, Gillooly JF. Global biodiversity, biochemical kinetics, and the energetic-equivalence rule. Science, 2002; 297(5586): 1545–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ekstrom AD, Kahana MJ, Caplan JB, et al. Cellular networks underlying human spatial navigation. Nature, 2003; 425(6954): 184–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shick PL. Topology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

Lam WHK, Wong SC, Lo HK, editors. Transportation and Traffic Theory 2009: Golden Jubilee: Papers selected for presentation at ISTTT18, a peer reviewed series since 1959. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Yeldan AE. Great Recession and Beyond: Revisiting the Pillars of Economic Thought. In: Stiglitz JE, Guzman M, editors. Contemporary Issues in Macroeconomics: Lessons from The Crisis and Beyond. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. p. 34–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hearing Science.

Blog post

Andrew E. What Has Nuclear Physics Ever Given Us? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/what-has-nuclear-physics-ever-given-us/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Honeywell Computer Equipment Supplied to DOD. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979 Nov. Report No.: B-163074.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Harris R. Stone circles and sandplay therapy: The language of symbols [Doctoral dissertation]. [Carpinteria, CA]: Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. You’re a Bot? Rock On. New York Times, 2017 Apr 3; B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hearing Science
ISSN (print)	2083-389X
ISSN (online)	2084-3127
Scope