How to format your references using the Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Foster, P. L. (2011). Comment on “A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 332(6034), 1149; author reply 1149.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wiseman, B. S., & Werb, Z. (2002). Stromal effects on mammary gland development and breast cancer. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5570), 1046–1049.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tria, F., Pompei, S., & Loreto, V. (2013). Dynamically correlated mutations drive human Influenza A evolution. Scientific Reports, 3, 2705.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Stickley, C. E., St John, K., Koç, N., Jordan, R. W., Passchier, S., Pearce, R. B., & Kearns, L. E. (2009). Evidence for middle Eocene Arctic sea ice from diatoms and ice-rafted debris. Nature, 460(7253), 376–379.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hübschmann, H.-J. (2015). Handbook of GC-MS. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Li, F., Shim, K., Zheng, K., & Liu, G. (Eds.). (2016). Web Technologies and Applications: 18th Asia-Pacific Web Conference, APWeb 2016, Suzhou, China, September 23-25, 2016. Proceedings, Part I (Vol. 9931). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Maruhn, J. A., Reinhard, P.-G., & Suraud, E. (2010). Approaches Based on Model Spaces. In P.-G. Reinhard & E. Suraud (Eds.), Simple Models of Many-Fermion Systems (pp. 93–116). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, January 10). Chimpanzees Craft “Dipping Sticks” To Drink Hard To Reach Water. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/chimpanzees-craft-dipping-sticks-to-drink-hard-to-reach-water/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Fiscal Year 2013 Agreed-Upon Procedures: Excise Tax Distributions to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund and the Highway Trust Fund (No. GAO-14-162R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shafran, R. F. (2017). Leading Organizational Change: A Phenomenological Study of the Nonlinear Strategies Used by Female Leaders in Global Companies (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2008, April 1). Administration Rebuffed On House Office Search. New York Times, p. A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Foster, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Foster, 2011; Wiseman & Werb, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wiseman & Werb, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Stickley et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Abbreviation	J. Geophys. Res. Oceans
ISSN (print)	2169-9275
ISSN (online)	2169-9291
Scope