How to format your references using the Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Cane MA (2010) Climate: A moist model monsoon. Nature 463:163–164
A journal article with 2 authors
Lin JY, Fisher DE (2007) Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation. Nature 445:843–850
A journal article with 3 authors
Ghosh D, Segal A, Voets T (2014) Distinct modes of perimembrane TRP channel turnover revealed by TIR-FRAP. Sci Rep 4:7111
A journal article with 5 or more authors
Nagahara N, Nagano M, Ito T, et al (2013) Antioxidant enzyme, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase-knockout mice exhibit increased anxiety-like behaviors: a model for human mercaptolactate-cysteine disulfiduria. Sci Rep 3:1986

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Prud’Homme R (2014) Flows and Chemical Reactions in an Electromagnetic Field. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ
An edited book
Tuniz C (2010) I lettori di ossa. Springer, Milano
A chapter in an edited book
Choudhury N (2015) Patient Selection and Monitoring for Immunotherapies: Challenges for Immune Checkpoint Antibody and Cell Therapies. In: Nakamura Y (ed) Immunopharmacogenomics. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp 85–101

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Blog post
Andrew E (2014) Scientist Accepts Nobel Prize Wearing Dress Depicting Her Discovery. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientist-accepts-nobel-prize-wearing-dress-depicting-her-discovery/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office (1974) Government’s Efforts To Standardize Data Elements and Codes for Computer Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
Freeman MJ (2012) Gene-environment interaction in early onset bipolar disorder. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
(nyt) SK (2004) World Briefing | Middle East: Qatar: Death Sought For Russians. New York Times A11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cane 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Lin and Fisher 2007; Cane 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Lin and Fisher 2007)
  • Three or more authors: (Nagahara et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal titleData Mining and Knowledge Discovery
AbbreviationData Min. Knowl. Discov.
ISSN (print)1384-5810
ISSN (online)1573-756X
ScopeComputer Networks and Communications
Computer Science Applications
Information Systems

Other styles