How to format your references using the Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cane MA (2010) Climate: A moist model monsoon. Nature 463:163–164

A journal article with 2 authors

Lin JY, Fisher DE (2007) Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation. Nature 445:843–850

A journal article with 3 authors

Ghosh D, Segal A, Voets T (2014) Distinct modes of perimembrane TRP channel turnover revealed by TIR-FRAP. Sci Rep 4:7111

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Nagahara N, Nagano M, Ito T, et al (2013) Antioxidant enzyme, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase-knockout mice exhibit increased anxiety-like behaviors: a model for human mercaptolactate-cysteine disulfiduria. Sci Rep 3:1986

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Prud’Homme R (2014) Flows and Chemical Reactions in an Electromagnetic Field. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Tuniz C (2010) I lettori di ossa. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Choudhury N (2015) Patient Selection and Monitoring for Immunotherapies: Challenges for Immune Checkpoint Antibody and Cell Therapies. In: Nakamura Y (ed) Immunopharmacogenomics. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp 85–101

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Scientist Accepts Nobel Prize Wearing Dress Depicting Her Discovery. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientist-accepts-nobel-prize-wearing-dress-depicting-her-discovery/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1974) Government’s Efforts To Standardize Data Elements and Codes for Computer Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Freeman MJ (2012) Gene-environment interaction in early onset bipolar disorder. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2004) World Briefing | Middle East: Qatar: Death Sought For Russians. New York Times A11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cane 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Lin and Fisher 2007; Cane 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lin and Fisher 2007)
Three or more authors: (Nagahara et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Abbreviation	Data Min. Knowl. Discov.
ISSN (print)	1384-5810
ISSN (online)	1573-756X
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Information Systems

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