How to format your references using the Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Oka, T. (2015). Vibrational dynamics. Taming CH₅⁺, the “enfant terrible” of chemical structures. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6228), 1313–1314.

A journal article with 2 authors

Billinge, S. J. L., & Levin, I. (2007). The problem with determining atomic structure at the nanoscale. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5824), 561–565.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brummelkamp, T. R., Bernards, R., & Agami, R. (2002). A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5567), 550–553.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Arenz, A., Silver, R. A., Schaefer, A. T., & Margrie, T. W. (2008). The contribution of single synapses to sensory representation in vivo. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5891), 977–980.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaplan, W. (1998). Maxima and Minima with Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

McCormack, F. X., Panos, R. J., & Trapnell, B. C. (Eds.). (2010). Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease: Insights from Rare Lung Disorders. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.

A chapter in an edited book

Dixon, I., & Whittaker, G. (2015). Streaming Your Media Collection from Windows Devices. In G. Whittaker (Ed.), Entertainment Apps on the Go with Windows 10: Music, Movies, and TV for PCs, Tablets, and Phones (pp. 83–99). Berkeley, CA: Apress.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, September 17). Meet The 800-Year-Old Golden Rhinoceros That Challenged Apartheid South Africa. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1991). Railroad Safety: DOD Can Improve the Safety of On-Base Track and Equipment (No. RCED-91-135). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCarthy, A. C. (2012). Tangle towns tie-breaker: A multidimensional knapsack study (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Horowitz, J., & Alderman, L. (2017, August 26). Angry at E.U., Greece Warms to China’s Cash. New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Oka, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Billinge & Levin, 2007; Oka, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Billinge & Levin, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Arenz et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Abbreviation	J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.
ISSN (print)	2169-8953
ISSN (online)	2169-8961
Scope