How to format your references using the Journal of Geophysical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geophysical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mayer-Schönberger, V. (2009). Sociology. Can we reinvent the Internet? Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5939), 396–397.

A journal article with 2 authors

Esler, W. P., & Wolfe, M. S. (2001). A portrait of Alzheimer secretases--new features and familiar faces. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5534), 1449–1454.

A journal article with 3 authors

Burghes, A. H., Vaessin, H. E., & de La Chapelle, A. (2001). Genetics. The land between Mendelian and multifactorial inheritance. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5538), 2213–2214.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Dexter, J. P., Tamme, M. B., Lind, C. H., & Collins, E.-M. S. (2014). On-chip immobilization of planarians for in vivo imaging. Scientific Reports, 4, 6388.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jazar, R. N. (2011). Advanced Dynamics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Shabtai, A. (2012). A Survey of Data Leakage Detection and Prevention Solutions. (Y. Elovici & L. Rokach, Eds.). Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Moss, S. (2009). Talking about ABSS: Functional Descriptions of Models. In F. Squazzoni (Ed.), Epistemological Aspects of Computer Simulation in the Social Sciences: Second International Workshop, EPOS 2006, Brescia, Italy, October 5-6, 2006, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (pp. 48–59). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geophysical Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 28). Elon Musk And Stephen Hawking Sign Open Letter In Hopes Of Preventing Robot Uprising. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Small Business Administration: Better Planning and Controls Needed for Information Systems (No. AIMD-97-94). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chung, E. K. (2003). The Sophisticated Genetic Diversities of Human Complement Component C4 and RCCX Modules in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker, P., & Gordon, M. R. (2013, August 30). Kerry Becomes Chief Advocate For U.S. Attack. New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mayer-Schönberger, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Esler & Wolfe, 2001; Mayer-Schönberger, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Esler & Wolfe, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Dexter et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geophysical Research
Abbreviation	J. Geophys. Res.
ISSN (print)	0148-0227
ISSN (online)	2156-2202
Scope	Aquatic Science Forestry Soil Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Oceanography Palaeontology Space and Planetary Science Ecology Water Science and Technology