How to format your references using the Journal of Geophysical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geophysical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stehr, N. (2015). Climate policy: Democracy is not an inconvenience. Nature, 525(7570), 449–450.

A journal article with 2 authors

Soutoglou, E., & Misteli, T. (2008). Activation of the cellular DNA damage response in the absence of DNA lesions. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5882), 1507–1510.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bo, T.-L., Zhang, H., & Zheng, X.-J. (2014). Charge-to-mass ratio of saltating particles in wind-blown sand. Scientific Reports, 4, 5590.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Raj, L., Ide, T., Gurkar, A. U., Foley, M., Schenone, M., Li, X., et al. (2011). Selective killing of cancer cells by a small molecule targeting the stress response to ROS. Nature, 475(7355), 231–234.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwartz, R. A., Carew, M. G., & Maksimenko, T. (2010). Micro Markets Workbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ultes, S., Nothdurft, F., Heinroth, T., & Minker, W. (Eds.). (2016). Next Generation Intelligent Environments: Ambient Adaptive Systems (2nd ed. 2016). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Gyöngy, I., & Stinga, P. R. (2013). Rate of Convergence of Wong–Zakai Approximations for Stochastic Partial Differential Equations. In R. C. Dalang, M. Dozzi, & F. Russo (Eds.), Seminar on Stochastic Analysis, Random Fields and Applications VII: Centro Stefano Franscini, Ascona, May 2011 (pp. 95–130). Basel: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geophysical Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, March 31). Ode To The Fruit Fly: Tiny Lab Subject Crucial To Basic Research. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ode-fruit-fly-tiny-lab-subject-crucial-basic-research/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). NASA Aeronautics: Impact of Technology Transfer Activities Is Uncertain (No. NSIAD-93-137). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brothers, J. (2009). Nonparametric regression using wavelet transformations and noise reduction in audio signals (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wingfield, N., & de la MERCED, M. J. (2017, June 16). Amazon to Buy Whole Foods For $13 Billion. New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stehr, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Soutoglou & Misteli, 2008; Stehr, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Soutoglou & Misteli, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Raj et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geophysical Research
Abbreviation	J. Geophys. Res.
ISSN (print)	0148-0227
ISSN (online)	2156-2202
Scope	Aquatic Science Forestry Soil Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Oceanography Palaeontology Space and Planetary Science Ecology Water Science and Technology